Table 2:

Exosome loaded small molecules for cancer treatment

Anticancer Small Molecule	Source of Exosomes	Model System	Drug Load*	Reference
Anthocyanidins	Raw bovine milk	In vitro ovarian cancer cell lines In vivo ovarian cancer in mice	~20%	[136]
	Raw bovine milk	In vitro lung, prostate, colon, breast, pancreatic, and ovarian cancer In vivo lung cancer xenografts in mice	~20%	[137]
	Raw bovine milk	In vivo colon cancer in mice	~20%	[138]
Celastrol	Raw bovine milk	In vitro lung cancer cell lines In vivo lung cancer xenografts in mice	18–20%	[139]
Curcumin	Raw bovine milk	In vitro breast, lung, and cervical cancer cell lines In vivo cervical tumor xenografts	18–24%	[135]
	Raw bovine milk	In vitro breast cancer cell lines	2 μM	[116]
	Pasteurized skim milk	In vitro colorectal cancer cell lines	9%	[140]
	Raw Bovine Milk	In vitro breast cancer cell lines	EE ~70%	[141]
Doxorubicin	Raw Bovine Milk	In vitro breast and lung cancer cell lines	None reported	[142]
	Raw Bovine Milk	In vitro and in vivo oral squamous cell carcinoma	13.4%	[143]
Paclitaxel	Raw bovine milk	In vitro lung cancer cells	~8%	[81]
	Raw bovine milk	In vitro breast cancer cell lines	~30%	[144]
	Bovine colostrum	In vitro lung cancer cell lines In vivo lung cancer in mice	25–75%	[145]
Resveratrol	Raw bovine milk	In vitro breast cancer cell lines	15 M	[116]
Withaferin	Raw bovine milk	In vitro lung cancer lung cancer tumors in mice		[81]

^*Reported as w/w percent drug load unless otherwise indicated. EE = encapsulation efficiency.