Table 1.
Variable |
Onset group, n=211 n (%) |
One-year group, n=212 n (%) |
p-value | |
Socio-Demographic Characteristics | ||||
Age, y | Mean ± SD | 34.7 ± 9.3 | 35.9 ± 10.5 | 0.241 |
Min-Max | 24-70 | 23-73 | ||
Gender | Male | 154 (73) | 147 (69) | 0.408 |
Female | 57 (27) | 65 (31) | ||
Marital status (*) | Never married | 79 (37) | 89 (42) | 0.340 |
Married | 132 (63) | 123 (58) | ||
Number of children in the family (among married ones) | Zero | 13 (10) | 11 (9) | 0.901 |
1-2 | 56 (42) | 58 (47) | ||
3-4 | 47 (36) | 40 (33) | ||
>4 | 16 (12) | 14 (11) | ||
Living with the elderly (65 years or older) | Yes | 93 (44) | 122 (58) | 0.006 |
Occupational features | ||||
Occupation (†) | Physician | 164 (78) | 180 (85) | 0.058 |
Others | 47 (22) | 32 (15) | ||
Experience years | Mean ± SD | 9.5 ± 8.9 | 10.6 ± 10.3 | 0.253 |
Working hours per week | Mean ± SD | 43.6 ± 17 | 44.6 ± 18.9 | 0.599 |
<40 hours | 43 (20.4) | 59 (27.8) | 0.093 | |
≥40 hours | 169 (79.6) | 153 (72.2) | ||
Monthly income (in JDs) | <500 | 24 (11) | 21 (10) | 0.026 |
500-1000 | 120 (57) | 95 (45) | ||
1000-2000 | 26 (12) | 30 (14) | ||
>2000 | 41 (19) | 66 (31) | ||
COVID-19 vulnerability | ||||
Vaccination status (¥) | Vaccinated | 0 (0) | 152 (72) | - |
Not vaccinated | 0 (0) | 60 (28) | ||
Vaccine not available | 211 (100) | 0 (0) | ||
Underwent COVID-19 testing | Yes | 47 (22) | 189 (89) | <0.001 |
Being in direct contact with COVID-19 patients or samples | Yes | 48 (23) | 144 (68) | <0.001 |
Estimated number of COVID-19 patients that health care providers dealt with | Zero | 165 (78) | 73 (34) | <0.001 |
1-49 | 34 (16) | 67 (32) | ||
50-100 | 8 (4) | 30 (14) | ||
>100 | 4 (2) | 42 (20) | ||
Perceived level of contact with COVID-19 patients | 1 (Lowest) | 49 (23) | 13 (6) | <0.001 |
2 | 62 (29) | 22 (10) | ||
3 | 62 (29) | 59 (28) | ||
4 | 23 (11) | 63 (30) | ||
5 (Highest) | 15 (7) | 55 (26) | ||
Receiving a special education to deal with COVID-19 patients | Yes | 73 (35) | 85 (40) | 0.243 |
Preparedness of institution to deal with COVID-19 patients | Excellent | 11 (5) | 6 (3) | 0.003 |
Very good | 58 (28) | 37 (18) | ||
Good | 74 (35) | 59 (28) | ||
Fair | 42 (20) | 65 (31) | ||
Bad | 21 (10) | 35 (17) | ||
Very bad | 5 (2) | 10 (5) | ||
Got infected | Yes | 0 (0) | 89 (42) | <0.001 |
Hospital admission if infected | Yes | - | 3 (3) | - |
Perceived levels of change in work and social life due to the COVID-19 pandemic | ||||
Change in work schedule and intensity | No change | 10 (5) | 16 (8) | 0.378 |
Little change | 17 (8) | 13 (6) | ||
Some change | 39 (19) | 45 (21) | ||
Much change | 75 (36) | 82 (39) | ||
Very much change | 70 (33) | 56 (26) | ||
Change in social life | 1 (No change) | 11 (6) | 6 (3) | 0.647 |
2 | 33 (16) | 36 (17) | ||
3 | 87 (41) | 87 (41) | ||
4 (Extreme change) | 80 (38) | 83 (39) |
(*) The married category included currently married, divorced, and widowed participants.
(†) Others category in the occupation included pharmacists, nurses, and technicians.
(¥) The vaccine was unavailable in Jordan until January 2021.