Table 2. Values of the parameters used in the vertex model with active junctions.

Units: length ($a$), time ($t^{*}=\zeta /\left(\mathrm{\Gamma }+k\right)$), force ($f^{*}=\left(\mathrm{\Gamma }+k\right)a$).

Base
Parameter	Description
$a$	Hexagonal cell edge length
$\mathrm{\Gamma }$	Perimeter modulus
$k$	Spring constant
$\zeta$	Friction with substrate
Model
Parameter	Description	Value range
$\kappa$	Area modulus	$1f^{*}/a^3$
${\displaystyle A_0}$	Target cell area	$3\sqrt{3}{a}^2/2$
${\displaystyle P_0}$	Target cell perimeter	$6a$
$f_{\text{pull}}$	Pulling force	$0.0-0.3f^{*}$
$\beta$	Myosin activity	$0.0-1.4f^{*}$
${\tau }_{\text{v}}$	Viscoelastic time	${10}^0-{10}^3{t}^{*}$
${\tau }_{\text{m}}$	Myosin time	${10}^1-{10}^3{t}^{*}$
$T^{*}$	Threshold tension	$0.3f^{*}$
${\displaystyle K_0}$	Slope of ${\displaystyle m}$ vs. ${\displaystyle T}$ at ${\displaystyle T^{\ast }}$	$2/T^{*}$
${\displaystyle m_0}$	Myosin reference level	0.5
$M$	Total cell myosin	6
$f$	Variance of myosin fluctuations	1
$\alpha$	Tension-independent myosin dissociation	0.1