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The mean systemic filling analogue (Pmsa) measured prior to induction of general anaesthesia indicated how many of the 3 subsequent fluid boluses would be warranted (i.e. showed fluid responsiveness). Data are the mean, and the error bars are the standard deviation. Digits on top of each bar show the number of patients in each group. The P-value is the result of an ANOVA testing for differences in Pmsa with the number of warranted bolus infusions as a predictor
