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. 2023 May 4;14:2560. doi: 10.1038/s41467-023-38177-2

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© The Author(s) 2023

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 2 — a Time-dependent accumulation of collagen in murine lungs after chronic bleomycin injury is quantified using Sircol collagen assay. Wild type mice were treated with three weekly IT injections of bleomycin to induce lung fibrosis (Day0, 3, 6, 10, 17, n = 4 mice per group; Day 13, n = 6 mice). b Time-dependent decrease of Foxf1 mRNA is shown in FACS-sorted lung endothelial cells during lung fibrogenesis using qRT-PCR (Day 0, 6,10, n = 3; Day 3, n = 4; Day13 n = 7; Day 17, n = 8, mice per group). c Co-localization studies show decreased FOXF1 in endothelial cells and decreased number of FOXF1⁺ endothelial cells within lung fibrotic foci at day 21 after bleomycin treatment. Mouse normal lungs (n = 5) and bleomycin-treated lungs (n = 5) were stained with antibodies against FOXF1 (red), CD31 (white) and αSMA (green). DAPI (blue) was used to visualize the nuclei. Bar = 25 µm. d Percent of FOXF1⁺/CD31⁺ double positive cells among CD31⁺ cells were counted in 5 random fields and presented as mean ± SD (n = 5 mice per group). ***p < 0.001. The integrated projection of lung EC from normal and bleomycin-treated fibrotic lungs (e, colored by cell type. f, yellow- normal lungs; blue- fibrotic lungs). Single cell RNA-seq was performed using pooled normal controls (n = 4) and bleomycin-treated (n = 6) mouse lungs. g UMAP plots show Foxf1 expression in endothelial cells of normal and fibrotic mouse lungs after Z-score normalization. h Violin plots show decreased expression of Foxf1 mRNA in ECs from fibrotic lungs. i Both Foxf1 mRNA expression and the frequency of Foxf1-positive cells are decreased in venous, aCap, gCap, and arterial endothelial cells from fibrotic lungs. Foxf1 is not expressed in lymphatic endothelial cells. Foxf1 expression is log normalized. Data presented as mean ± SD. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001. For two group comparisons, T-test (two-tailed) analyses were performed. For more than two group, statistical significance was determined by one-way ANOVA followed by Dunnett’s test. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.