TABLE 3.

Chemical compounds detected in the species of the genus Tanacetum.

Compound	Parts used	Solvent	Species	Analytic method	Country	References
Hydroxycinnamic acid derivatives
Chlorogenic acid 1	L, WP	MeOH	T. vulgare	HPLC-UV	Poland Türkiye	Bączek et al. (2017)
			T. macrophyllum
			T. corymbosum
			T. balsamita
			T. cilicicum
Caffeic acid 2	WP, Fl	EtOH/W (40:60 v/v)70% EtOH MeOH	T. vulgare	HPLC, HPLC–MS	Poland Türkiye, Romania	Bączek et al. (2017)
			T. balsamita
			T. parthenium
3,5-O-Dicaffeoylquinic acid 3	L	EtOH/W (40:60 v/v)	T. balsamita	HPLC-DAD		Pukalskas et al. (2010)
Rosmarinic acid 4	WP	EtOH/W (40:60 v/v)	T. vulgare	HPLC	Poland, Türkiye	Bączek et al. (2017)
			T. balsamita
Chicoric acid 5	WP	EtOH/W (40:60 v/v)	T. vulgare	HPLC	Poland, Türkiye	Bączek et al. (2017)
			T. balsamita
p-Coumaric acid 6	AP	70% EtOH	T. balsamita	HPLC-MS	Iran	Benedec et al. (2016)
			T. parthenium
Ferulic acid 7	AP	70% EtOH MeOH	T. balsamita	HPLC-MS	Iran	Benedec et al. (2016), Rezaei et al. (2017)
			T. parthenium
Cinnamic acid 8	AP	EtOH	T. balsamita	HPLC	Türkiye	Savci et al. (2020)
			T. chiliophyllum
			T. zahlbruckneri
			T. parthenifolium
Sinapic acid 9	AP	MeOH	T. parthenium	HPLC	Iran	Rezaei et al. (2017)
Neochlorogenic acid 10	Fl, R, L	MeOH	T. vulgare	LC-DAD/ESI-TOF-MS	Serbia	Devrnja et al. (2017)
Cryptochlorogenic acid 11
1-Caffeoylquinic acid 12
3,4-O-Dicaffeoylquinic acid 13
3,5-O-Dicaffeoylquinic acid 14
4,5-O-dicaffeoylquinic acid 15
3,5-Dichlorogenic acid 16	Fl	70% EtOH	T. vulgare	HPLC	Ukraine	Yu et al. (2017)
4,5-Dichlorogenic acid 17
2-O-Caffeoylglucaric acid 18	AP	H2O EtOH/H2O	T. vulgare	UHPLC-HRMS	Türkiye	Ak et al. (2021)
3-O-Feruloylquinic acid 19
1-Caffeoyl-3-hydroxy-dihydrocaffeoylquinic acid 20
Caffeic acid-O-hexoside 21
4,5-Dicaffeoylquinic acid 22
Hydroxybenzoic acid derivatives
Gentisic acid 23	AP, Fl	70% EtOH	T. balsamita α , T. vulgare β	HPLC-MS α , UHPLC-HRMS β	Romania α , Türkiye β	Benedec et al. (2016); Ak et al. (2021)
Salicylic acid 24	AP	EtOH	T. balsamita	HPLC		Savci et al. (2020)
4-Hydroxybenzoic acid 25	AP	EtOH	T. balsamita	HPLC	Türkiye, Iran	Rezaei et al. (2017); Savci et al. (2020)
			T. parthenifolium
			T. zahlbruckneri
			T. chiliophyllum
			T. parthenium, T. vulgare
Gallic acid 26	AP	MeOH	T. cilicicum	HPLC-UV	Türkiye, Iran	Gecibesler et al. (2016), Rezaei et al. (2017)
			T. parthenium
Syringic acid 27	AP	MeOH	T. cilicicum	HPLC-UV	Turkey, Iran	Gecibesler et al. (2016), Rezaei et al. (2017)
			T. parthenium
Vanillic acid 28	AP	MeOH	T. parthenium	HPLC	Iran	Rezaei et al. (2017)
Cyclitols
Shikimic acid 29	AP	H2O, EtOH/H2O	T. vulgare	UHPLC-HRMS	Türkiye	Ak et al. (2021)
Quinic acid 30
Flavonols
Quercetin 31	AP	70% EtOH α , MeOH β	T. balsamita α , T. vulgare β	HPLC-MS	Romania	Benedec et al. (2016), Ivănescu et al. (2021)
Quercitrin 32
Isoquercitrin 33
Rutin 34	AP α , WP β	70% EtOH α , Isopropanol/hexane (2:3 v/v) β	T. balsamita α , T. densum β	HPLC-MS	Romania α , Türkiye β	Benedec et al. (2016), Emre (2021)
Kaempferol 35
5,7,3',4'-Tetrahydroxy-3,8-dimethoxyflavonol 36	AP	MeOH/W/HOAc (79:20:1)	T. balsamita	HPLC-DPPH	Lithuania	Pukalskas et al. (2010)
Catechin 37	WP α,γ , AP β	Isopropanol/hexane (2:3 v/v) α ,MeOH β,γ	T. densum α	HPLC–UV	Türkiye α,β , Italy γ	Gecibesler et al. (2016), Emre (2021), Recinella et al. (2021)
			T. cilicicum β
			T. parthenium γ
Galangin 38	AP	MeOH	T. cilicicum	HPLC–UV	Türkiye	Gecibesler et al. (2016)
6-Hydroxykaempferol 39	L	80% MeOH	T. vulgare, T. parthenium	HPLC, NMR	Germany	Williams et al. (1999)
6-Hydroxykaempferol 3,5,7-trimethyl ether 40
Myricetin 41	WP	80%MeOH α , EtOH β	T. densum α	HPLC-DAD	Türkiye	Emre (2021)
			T. balsamita β
Jaceidin 42	AP	H2Cl2/MeOH (1:1)	T. sinaicum	TLC, MS NMR	Egypt	Marzouk et al. (2016)
Chrysosplenetin 43
Vitexicarpin 44
Casticin 45
Centaureidin 46	AP	EtOAc	T. parthenium	HPLC, NMR	France	Long et al. (2003)
Flavones
Chrysin 47	AP	MeOH	T. parthenium	HPLC–UV	Türkiye	Gecibesler et al. (2016)
Apigenin 48	AP α , L γ	MeOH α , 80% MeOH γ , H2Cl2/MeOH (1:1) β	T. macrophyllum α	HPLC,TLC, MS,NMR	Romania α , Egypt α,β , Germany γ	Williams et al. (1999); Marzouk et al. (2016), Ivănescu et al. (2021)
			T. vulgare α
			T. corymbosum α
			T. parthenium γ
			T. sinaicum α,β
Acacetin 49	AP α , L β	H2Cl2/MeOH (1:1) α , MeOH β	T. sinaicum α	LC-MS, TLC, MS, NMR	Egypt α , Japan β	Uehara et al. (2015), Marzouk et al. (2016)
			T. vulgare β
Luteolin 50	AP	H2Cl2/MeOH (1:1) α , MeOH β , 80% EtOH γ	T. sinaicum α	TLC, MS, NMR	Egypt α , United kingdom β , United States γ	Juan-Badaturuge et al. (2009), Marzouk et al. (2016)
			T. vulgare β
			T. parthenium γ
Cirsilineol 51	AP α , WP β	H2Cl2/MeOH (1:1) α , MeOH β	T. sinaicum α	TLC, MS, NMR	Egypt α , Türkiye β	Polatoğlu et al. (2013), Marzouk et al. (2016)
			T. chiliophyllum β
Santin 52	AP	EtOAc	T. parthenium	HPLC, NMR	France	Long et al. (2003)
Apigenin 7-O-β-glucopyranoside 53	AP α , L β	H2Cl2/MeOH (1:1) α , MeOH β	T. sinaicum α , T. vulgare β	TLC, LC-MS, MS, NMR	Egypt α , Finland β , Sweden β	Uehara et al. (2015), Marzouk et al. (2016)
Apigenin 7-O-β-glucuronide 54
Luteolin 7-O-β-glucopyranoside 55
luteolin 7-O-β-glucuronide 56
Chrysoeriol 7-O-glucuronide 57	L	MeOH	T. vulgare	LC-MS, UV, HPLC	Japan	Uehara et al. (2015)
Hispidulin 58
Nepetin 59
Eupatilin 60
Jaceosidin 61
Pectolinarigenin 62
5,7,4'-trihydroxy-3,6-dimethoxyflavone 63	AP	EtOH	T. oshanahanii	1H NMR, IR, 13C NMR	Spain	Triana et al. (2013)
5-hydroxy-3,6,7,8,3’,4’-hexamethoxyflavone 64	WP	MeOH	T. artemisioides	2D-NMR, IR, COSY, HMQC	Pakistan	Hussain et al. (2010)
5-Demethylnobiletin 65
Coumarins
Isofraxidin 66	R	n-Hexane	T. parthenium	HPLC, NMR	Poland	Kisiel and Stojakowska (1997)
9-Epipectachol B 67
Scopoletin 68	AP α,β , Sd γ , Pe δ	EtOAc α , EtOH β ,CH2Cl2 γ , EO δ	T. cadmeum α	1H NMR, IR, UV, MS, GC-MS	Türkiye α , Spain β , United Kingdom γ , Iran δ	Gonzalez et al. (1990), Susurluk et al. (2007)
			T. ferulaceum β
			T. parthenium γ
			T. balsamita δ
Scoparone 69	AP	EtOH	T. ferulaceum	1H NMR, IR, 13C NMR	Spain	Gonzalez et al. (1990), Triana et al. (2013)
			T. ptarmiciflorum
			T. oshanahanii
7-Hydroxycoumarin (Umbelliferone) 70	AP	MeOH	T. cadmeum	X-ray, 1H NMR, IR, TLC	Türkiye	Çalişkan et al. (2004), Servi̇ and Gören (2019)
			T. mucroniferum
Dimethylfraxetin (6,7,8-Trimethoxycoumarin) 71	AP	EtOH	T. ferulaceum	1H NMR, MS	Spain	Gonzalez et al. (1990)
Ceramides
Tanacetamide A 72	WP	MeOH	T. artemisioides	2D-NMR, IR, COSY, HMQC	Pakistan	Ahmad et al. (2004)
Tanacetamide B 73
Tanacetamide C 74	WP	MeOH	T. artemisioides	2D-NMR, IR, COSY, HMQC	Pakistan	Hussain et al. (2005)
Tanacetamide D 75	WP	MeOH	T. artemisioides	2D-NMR, IR, COSY, HMQC	Pakistan	Hussain et al. (2010)
Fatty acids
Capric acid 76	AP α , St β Fl β , WP γ	EO α n-Hexane β Isopropanol/Hexane (2:3 v/v) γ	T. parthenium α , T. zahlbruckneri β , T. densum γ	GC-MS α,B HPLC γ	Iran, Türkiye	Caglar et al. (2017), Rezaei et al. (2017); Emre (2021)
Myristic acid 77
Palmitic acid 78
Palmitoleic acid 79
Stearic acid 80
Oleic acid 81
Linoleic acid 82
Arachidic acid 83
Erucic acid 84	AP	EO	T. parthenium	GC-MS	Iran	Rezaei et al. (2017)
Lignoceric acid 85
Lauric acid 86
Margaric acid 87	R, Fl	n-Hexane	T. zahlbruckneri*	GC-MS	Iran	Caglar et al. (2017)
cis-Vaccenic acid 88
Behenic acid 89
Alkanes
Octadecane 90	Inf	EO	T. vulgare	GC-MS	Finland	Korpinen et al. (2021)
Eicosane 91
Docosane 92
n-Tricosane 93
Pentacosane 94
Heptacosane 95
n-Nonacosane 96
Hentriacontane 97
Fat-soluble vitamins
Vitamin K1 98	WP	i-PrOH/Hexane (2:3 v/v)	T. densum	HPLC	Türkiye	Emre (2021)
Vitamin K2 99
Vitamin D2 100
Vitamin D3 101
α-Tocopherol 102
β-Tocopherol 103
Retinol 104
Retinol acetate 105
Carbohydrates
Glucose 106	R, Fl	0.75% AmOx	T. vulgare	GC-MS, NMR	Russia	Polle et al. (2001)
Xylose 107
Mannose 108
Galactose 109
Arabinose 110
Apiose 111
2-O-methylxylose 112
Pyrethrins
Pyrethrin I 113	Fl	n-Hexane, Ace, PEE, i-PrOH, SFE	T. cinerariifolium	HPLC–UV, SFC-FID, RP-HPLC– DAD	Kenya, Croatia, India, Italy	Kasaj et al. (1999), Jeran et al. (2021)
Pyrethrin II 114
Cinerin I 115
Cinerin II 116
Jasmolin I 117
Jasmolin II 118
Sesquiterpene lactones
Parthenolide 119	AP	EtOH-H2O (90:10)	T. parthenium	LC-MS,13C NMR, 1H NMR	Brazil	Tiuman et al. (2005)
Costunolide 120	AP	EtOH	T. ferulaceum	1H NMR, MS	Spain	Gonzalez et al. (1990)
Tatridin A 121
11,13-Dihydrotatridin A 122
Tatridin B 123
Spiciformin 124
lα,10β-Epoxydeacetyllaurenobiolide 125
Deacetyl-beta-cyclopyrethrosin 126
6α-Hydroxy-5,7αH,8βH-eudesm-4 (15)-en-8,12-olide 127
4β,6α-Dihydroxy-5,7αH,8βH-eudesman-8,12-olide 128
Douglanin 129	Fl	PEE	T. vulgare	13C-NMR, 1H-NMR	Italy	Rosselli et al. (2012)
Ludovicin A 130
Ludovicin B 131
1α-Hydroxy-1-deoxoarglanine 132
11,13-Dehydrosantonin 133
A, β-Cyclopyrethrosin 134	Fl	EtOH	T. cinerariifolium	CC, NMR	Canada	Doskotch et al. (1971)
Chrysanin 135
Pyrethrosin 136
Dehydro-β-cyclopyrethrosin 137
Chrysanolide 138
B, (11R)-11,13-Dehydro-tatridin-A 139
Monoterpene hydrocarbons
α-Pinene 140	WP α,β , L γ , AP δ,ζ , F ε	EO	T. balsamita α , T. vulgare β , T. parthenium γ , T. sinaicum δ , T. cilicicum ε , T. chiliophyllum ζ , T. densum ε	GC-FID, GC–MS	Italy α,β , Iran γ , Egypt δ , Türkiye ε, ζ	Polatoğlu et al. (2009), Bączek et al. (2017); Farzadfar et al. (2017); Elshamy et al. (2021)
β-Pinene 141	WP α,β , L γ , AP δ, ζ	EO	T. balsamita α , T. vulgare β , T. parthenium γ , T. sinaicum δ , T. chiliophyllum ε , T. chiliophyllum ζ	GC-FID, GC–MS	Italy α,β , Iran γ , Egypt δ , Türkiye ε, ζ	Salamci et al. (2007), Bączek et al. (2017), Farzadfar et al. (2017); Elshamy et al. (2021)
Sabinene 142	WP α , F β,γ , L γ	EO	T. balsamita α,β , T. vulgare α , T. macrophyllum γ	GC-FID, GC–MS	Italy α , Iran β , Türkiye γ	Polatoğlu et al. (2015); Bączek et al. (2017); Farzadfar et al. (2017)
β-Myrcene 143	AP, L, F	EO	T. balsamita	GC–MS	Iran	Monfared et al. (2002)
Limonene 144	AP	EO	T. balsamita	GC–MS	Türkiye	Bagci et al. (2008)
Terpinolene 145	AP α , WP β	EO	T. chiliophyllum α , T. balsamita β	GC–MS	Türkiye α , Italy β	Bagci et al. (2008), Bączek et al. (2017)
α-Thujene 146	AP α, β , WP γ	EO	T. chiliophyllum α , T. cilicicum β , T. balsamita γ , T. vulgare γ	GC-FID	Türkiye α, β , Italy γ	Salamci et al. (2007), Bagci et al. (2008)
p-Cymene 147	F α , L α , AP β , WP γ	EO	T. polycephalum α , T. argenteum β , T. balsamita γ , T. vulgare γ	GC–MS	Iran α , Türkiye β,γ	Nori-Shargh et al. (1999), Bączek et al. (2017)
Camphene 148	AP α , F β , L β , F γ , St γ	EO	T. chiliophyllum α , T. balsamita α , T.polycephalum β , T. kotschyi γ*	GC–MS	Iran α, β , Türkiye γ	Nori-Shargh et al. (1999), Bagci et al. (2008), Polatoglu et al. (2011)
Verbenene 149	AP α	EO	T. chiliophyllum α , T. balsamita α	GC–MS	Iran α	Bagci et al. (2008)
Tricyclene 150	AP α	EO	T. chiliophyllum α , T. balsamita α	GC–MS	Iran α	Bagci et al. (2008)
α-Phellandrene 151	WP	EO	T. vulgare	GC–MS	Italy	Bączek et al. (2017)
Santolinatriene 152	L α , F α , AP β	EO	T. argyrophyllum α , T. praeteritum β , T. santolinoides β	GC–MS	Türkiye	Gören et al. (2001), El-Shazly et al. (2002)
β-Phellandrene 153	AP	EO	T. praeteritum	GC–MS	Türkiye	Gören et al. (2001)
Oxygenated monoterpenes
1,8-Cineole 154	L α , F α , AP β	EO	T. argyrophyllum α , T. praeteritum β , T. argenteum α , T. balsamita β , T. chiliophyllum β , T. polycephalum α , T. cilicicum β	GC–MS	Türkiye, Iran	Nori-Shargh et al. (1999), Gören et al. (2001), Bagci et al. (2008)
Dehydro-1,8-cineole 155	AP	EO	T. argyrophyllum, T. praeteritum	GC–MS	Türkiye	Gören et al. (2001)
1,4-Cineole 156	WP	EO	T. balsamita	GC–MS	Italy	Bączek et al. (2017)
α-Thujone 157	AP α , L β , WP γ	EO	T. santolinoides α , T. argyrophyllum β , T. praeteritum α , T. chiliophyllum α , T. vulgare γ	GC–MS	Türkiye α, β , Italy γ	Gören et al. (2001), Salamci et al. (2007)
β-Thujone 158	AP α , L β , WP γ	EO	T. santolinoides α , T. argyrophyllum β , T. praeteritum α , T. chiliophyllum α , T. vulgare γ , T. balsamita γ	GC–MS	Türkiye α, β , Italy γ	Gören et al. (2001), Salamci et al. (2007)
Camphor 159	WP α , L β , AP γ	EO	T. vulgare α , T. argyrophyllum β , T. praeteritum γ	GC–MS	Italy α , Türkiye β, γ	Gören et al. (2001), Bączek et al. (2017)
Carvone 160	WP α , L β , F β	EO	T. balsamita α , T. vulgare α , T. argyrophyllum β	GC–MS	Italy α , Türkiye β	Gören et al. (2001), Bączek et al. (2017)
cis-Dihydrocarvone 161	WP	EO	T. vulgare	GC–MS	Italy	Bączek et al. (2017)
trans-Dihydrocarvone 162	L α , F α , WP β	EO	T. argyrophyllum α , T. vulgare β	GC–MS	Türkiye α , Italy β	Gören et al. (2001), Bączek et al. (2017)
α-Terpineol 163	AP α , L β , F β	EO	T. santolinoides α , T. argyrophyllum β	GC–MS	Egypt α , Türkiye β	Gören et al. (2001), El-Shazly et al. (2002)
Pinocarvone 164	WP	EO	T. balsamita	GC–MS	Italy	Bączek et al. (2017)
Borneol 165
Eucalyptol 166
trans-Carveol 167	AP	EO	T. tabrisianum	GC–MS	Iran	Habibi et al. (2007)
Dehydro-1,8-cineole 168	AP	EO	T. balsamita	GC–MS	Iran	Monfared et al. (2002)
trans-carvyl acetate 165
cis-carvyl acetate 166
Lavandulol 167	AP	EO	T. paradoxum*	GC–MS	Iran	Habibi et al. (2007)
Carvacrol 168	WP	EO	T. vulgare	GC–MS	Italy	Bączek et al. (2017)
Thymol 169	AP	EO	T. sinaicum*	GC–MS	Egypt	Elshamy et al. (2021)
Grandisol 170
Piperitone 171
Myrtenol 172	WP	EO	T. balsamita, T. vulgare	GC–MS	Italy	Bączek et al. (2017)
cis-Piperitol 173
cis-Chrysanthenol 174
Dihydrocarveol 175
α-Campholenal 176
Filifolone 177	AP	EO	T. sinaicum	GC–MS	Türkiye	Elshamy et al. (2021)
p-Menth-1-en-8-ol 188
Eugenol 189	AP	EO	T. chiliophyllum*	GC–MS	Türkiye	Salamci et al. (2007)
Sesquiterpenes hydrocarbons
Copaene 190	AP	EO	T. cilicicum*, T. sinaicum	GC–MS	Türkiye	Gecibesler et al. (2016), Elshamy et al. (2021)
β-Humulene 191
α-Calacorene 192	AP	EO	T. balsamita, T. chiliophyllum	GC–MS	Türkiye	Bagci et al. (2008)
β-Funebrene 193
Ledene 194
Bicyclogermacrene 195
Germacrene D 196
Ar-Curcumene 197	AP	EO	T. chiliophyllum, T. aucherianum*	GC–MS	Türkiye	Salamci et al. (2007)
γ-Cadinene 198
δ-Cadinene 199
Allo-Aromadendrene 200
β-Farnesene 201
β-Caryophylene 202
β-Cubebene 203
Valeranone 204	WP	EO	T. balsamita, T. vulgare	GC–MS	Italy	Bączek et al. (2017)
α-Longipinene 205
Oxygenated sesquiterpenes
T-Muurolol 206	AP	EO	T. balsamita	GC–MS	Iran	Monfared et al. (2002)
1,10-di-epi-Cubenol 207
β-Copaen-4-alpha-ol 208
Nerolidol 209
Cubebol 210
(Z)-Sesquilavandulol 211
trans-Isolongifolanone 212	AP	EO	T. tabrisianum*	GC–MS	Iran	Habibi et al. (2007)
Caryophyllene oxide 213
Davana ether-1 214	AP	EO	T. sinaicum*	GC–MS	Egypt	Elshamy et al. (2021)
Davana ether-2 215
Isoaromadendrene epoxide 216
Geranyl tiglate 217
Eudesm- 4(14)-en- 4-ol 218
Intermedeol 219	WP	EO	T. balsamita, T. vulgare	GC–MS	Italy	Bączek et al. (2017)
β-Eudesmol 220
Longiverbenone 221
Acorenone B 222
Valeranone 223
Gleenol 224
Cadin-4-en-10-ol 225
β-Atlantone 226	AP	EO	T. balsamita, T. chiliophyllum	GC–MS	Türkiye	Bagci et al. (2008)
Oplopenone 227
Ledol 228
Spathulenol 229
Isospathulenol 230
Hedycaryol 231
Diterpenes
Neophytadiene 232	AP	EO	T. balsamita, T. chiliophyllum	GC–MS	Türkiye	Bagci et al. (2008)
Vulgarol A 233
α,β-Unsaturated aldehydes
(E)-2-Heptenal 234	Fl	n-Hexane	T. balsamita	GC–MS	Brazil	Kubo and Kubo (1995)
(E)-2-Octenal 235
(E)-2-Nonenal 236
(E)-2-Decenal 237
(E)-2-Undecenal 238
(E,E)-2,4-Decadienal 239
3-Methyl-2-butenal 240
Hexanal 241

WP, whole plant; L, leaves; Fl, Flowers; St, Stems; Inf, Inflorescences; Pe, Petals; Flo: Floscules.

*T. aucherianum: Tanacetum aucherianum Sch.Bip.

*T. chiliophyllum: Tanacetum chiliophyllum var. chiliophyllum.

*T. sinaicum: Tanacetum sinaicum (Fresen.) Delile ex K.Bremer & Humphries.

*T. tabrisianum: Tanacetum tabrisianum (Boiss.) Sosn.& Takht.

*T. paradoxum: Tanacetum paradoxum Bornm.

*T. zahlbruckneri: T. zahlbruckneri (Nab.) Grierson.

*T. kotschyi: T. kotschyi (Boiss.) Grierson.