Table 4. Treatment of sleep-related breathing disorders at high-to-moderate altitudes.
| Manuscripts | Altitude MAMSL | Treatment | n | AHI h-1 median (IR) | CAI h −1 median (IR) | OAI h −1 median (IR) | ODI 3% h −1 mean ± SD | mean SpO 2% mean ± DE | TP cmH2O median (IR) | Evaluation method |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Healthy individuals | ||||||||||
| Orr et al., 2018 22 | 3,800 | ASV vs No Tx | 16 | NR | NR | NR | 10.7 ± 2.9 vs 17.1 ± 4.2 | 81 ± 1 vs. 79 ± 1 & | NR | PSG |
| O2 vs No Tx | 15 | NR | NR | NR | 0.5 ± 0.2 vs 16.5 ± 4.5 & | 96 ± 0 vs. 79 ± 1 & | NR | |||
| ASV vs O2 | 15 | NR | NR | NR | 8.8 ± 1.9 vs 0.5 ± 0.2 & | 80 ± 1 vs. 97 ± 0 & | NR | |||
| Patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome | ||||||||||
| Latshang et al., 2012 13 | 490 (basal) | CPAP | 25 | 6.6 (4.5–11.4) | 1.6 (0.5–4.3) | 3.5 (1.6–6.6) | 1.3 (0.5–2.5) | 95 (94–96) | 8.4 (7.5–10.9) | PSG |
| 2,590 | CPAP + placebo | 12 | 19.3 (9.3–29.0) * | 12.6 (5.6–23.0) * | 3.5 (1.6–7.9) | 16.2 (9.2–27.3) * | 89 (87–91) * | 10.0 (8.9–13.2) * | ||
| CPAP + acetazolamide | 13 | 6.8 (3.5–10.1) ^ | 4.0 (1.2–7.6) ^ | 2.3 (1.0–5.5) * ^ | 6.4 (2.6–11.9) * ^ | 91 (90–92) * ^ | 8.9 (7.1–10.8) ^ | |||
Abbreviations: AHI, apnea hypopnea index, ASV, adaptive servo ventilation, CAI, central apnea index, CPAP, continuous positive airway pressure, h −1 , events per hour, IR, interquartile range, MAMSL, meters above mean sea level, OAI, obstructive apnea index, ODI, oxygen desaturation index, PSG, polysomnography, RP, respiratory polygraphy, TP, therapeutic pressure, Tx, treatment.
*
p < 0.05 vs. CPAP 490 m.
^
p < 0.05 vs. CPAP + placebo.
&
p < 0.05.