Table 4.
External malformations found in the offspring of females treated with the ethanolic extract of S. lachnostachys (EESl)
| External malformation | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Experimental groups (mg/kg) | |||
| Parameters | Control | EESl 100 | EESl 1000 |
| Analyzed Fetuses | 131 | 118 | 117 |
| Normal Fetuses | 116 | 86 | 73 |
| Curved Tail | 0 | 3 | 5* |
| UPPH | 0 | 3 | 1 |
| BPPH | 2 | 0 | 0 |
| UPHPH | 5 | 11 | 13 |
| BPHP | 1 | 3 | 0 |
| UAHP | 2 | 0 | 1 |
| UAHPH | 1 | 0 | 0 |
| Gastroschisis | 1 | 0 | 0 |
| Hyperlordosis | 0 | 2 | 10* |
| Scoliosis | 2 | 7* | 7* |
| Hematoma | 0 | 1 | 3 |
| Nasal Septum Obstruction | 1 | 0 | 0 |
| Frequency of Malformation | 15 | 30* | 40* |
| %M.F | 11.45% | 25.42%* | 34.19%* |
Legend: UPPH Unilateral posterior hind paw hyperflexion, BPPH bilateral posterior hind paw hyperextension, UPHPH Unilateral posterior hind paw hyperextension, BPHP bilateral posterior of hyperextension of hind paw, UAHP unilateral anterior hyperextension of the hind paw, UAHPH Unilateral anterior hind paw hyperflexion; % M.F. the percentage of malformed fetuses
*Statistically significant difference (Statistical test: Chi-square; *indicates statistically significant difference compared to the Control group; p < 0.05)