Table 1. .

Dutch example stimuli of all five conditions

Condition	Stimulus	Lexical semantics	Syntactic structure	Meaningful compositional interpretation
Sentence	De jongen gaat zijn zusje met haar huiswerk helpen.	X	X	X
	the boy will his sister with her homework help
	“The boy will help his sister with her homework.”
Idiom	De directie zal een vinger aan de pols houden.	X	X
	the directorate will a finger on the wrist keep
	Literal: “The directorate will keep a finger on the wrist.”
	Figurative: “The directorate will check whether everything goes right.”
Syntactic prose	Een prestatie zal het concept naar de mouwen leiden.	X	X
	an achievement will the concept to the sleeves lead
	“An achievement will lead the concept to the sleeves.”
Jabberwocky	De jormen gaat zijn lumse met haar luisberk malpen.		X
	the jormen will his lumse with her luisberk malp
	“The jormen will malp his lumse with her luisberk.”
Word list	De gaat jongen zusje huiswerk zijn haar helpen met	X
	the will boy sister homework his her help with

Note. English translations are provided above. Only the underlined words in the idiom stimulus are part of the conventionalized idiom.