Table 1.
Baseline Comparison of Sociodemographic Characteristics Among US AIAN Adults with Different Types of Health Care Coverage
| AIAN who get health insurance coverage via IHS | AIAN with non-IHS health insurance coverageb | P-value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Number of respondents | N=640 | N=2046 | |
| Median age (±SD) | 37.7 (2.3) | 46.6 (1.04) | |
| Weighted % | |||
| Age | |||
| 18 to 44 | 64.1 | 45.7 | <0.001 |
| 45 to 64 | 26.0 | 36.9 | |
| 65+ | 9.8 | 17.3 | |
| Female | 48.5 | 51.4 | 0.60 |
| Married | 32.7 | 43.0 | 0.04 |
| Education | |||
| Less than high school | 10.9 | 16.4 | 0.11 |
| High school graduate | 43.4 | 34.6 | |
| Some college | 34.7 | 33.2 | |
| Completed college | 11.0 | 15.7 | |
| Employed | 56.2 | 52.8 | 0.53 |
| Annual household income | |||
| <$10,000 | 5.4 | 11.8 | 0.002 |
| $10,000 to $19,999 | 29.4 | 19.0 | |
| $20,000 to $34,999 | 31.2 | 23.8 | |
| $35,000 to $49,999 | 12.7 | 14.1 | |
| $50,000 to $74,999 | 11.8 | 12.8 | |
| ≥$75,000 | 9.5 | 18.6 | |
| General health | |||
| Excellent | 17.0 | 13.3 | 0.009 |
| Very good | 25.8 | 23.1 | |
| Good | 40.1 | 32.4 | |
| Fair | 11.7 | 22.3 | |
| Poor | 5.3 | 8.8 | |
| Comorbidities | |||
| Obesity (BMI>30) | 41.8 | 38.2 | 0.51 |
| Coronary artery disease | 5.8 | 5.7 | 0.97 |
| COPD | 7.4 | 13.8 | 0.02 |
| Diabetes | 16.2 | 16.6 | 0.91 |
| Has smoked 100+ cigarettes | 52.1 | 49.6 | 0.65 |
| Functional status | |||
| Difficulty in concentrating or remembering | 16.8 | 22.0 | 0.25 |
| Difficulty in walking or climbing stairs | 9.7 | 24.4 | <0.001 |
| Difficulty in doing errands alone | 7.7 | 13.1 | 0.06 |
| Difficulty seeing a doctor due to cost | 16.6 | 15.2 | 0.74 |
| Did not take medications due to costs | 5.1 | 13.4 | <0.001 |
| Have outstanding medical debt | 19.4 | 25.7 | 0.19 |
| Overall satisfaction with health care | 50 | 56.2 | 0.25 |
Abbreviations: SD, standard deviation; BMI, body mass index (calculated as weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared); COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
aData are presented as weighted percentages of individuals unless otherwise indicated. States covered in this study include Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maine, Minnesota, Mississippi, Nebraska, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New Mexico, Oklahoma, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Tennessee, Wisconsin, and the District of Columbia
bNon-IHS health insurance includes employer sponsored, individually purchased, Medicare, Medicaid, and Veterans Health Administration or military