Table 4.

Crude and adjusted odds ratio obtained through logistic regression analysis for the association between Acute Respiratory Distress (ARD) during pregnancy (and COVID-19 laboratory confirmation, or UCI admission, or invasive mechanical ventilation, or vaginal delivery) and fetal death. Bahia, Brazil, Jan 2019 – Jun 2021 ^a

Variables	Crude Odds Ratio b	CI 95%	Fully adjusted Odds Ratio c	CI 95%
No history of ARD during pregnancy	1	-	1	-
ARD during pregnancy due to COVID-19, laboratory criteria	3.04	1.81; 5.10	4.45	2.41; 8.20
ARD during pregnancy, with Intensive Care Unit admission	5.54	3.51; 8.75	8.79	4.96; 15.58
ARD during pregnancy, with invasive mechanical ventilation	6.99	3.76; 12.99	21.22	9.93; 45.36
ARD during pregnancy, with vaginal delivery	6.58	4.36; 9.93	7.06	4.21; 11.83

^aThe exposed group (ARD during pregnancy = Yes) is composed of women who had ARD in pregnancy during the COVID-19 pandemic period (Jan 2020 to Jun 2021). The non-exposed group (ARD during pregnancy = No) comprised women who had a pregnancy before the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic (Jan to Dec 2019) and did not have ARD during pregnancy. These groups differ not only because of ARD during pregnancy but also because of the environmental changes resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic

^bBivariate analysis

^cAdjusted for age group, education (in years), type of pregnancy (single or twin fetuses), fetus sex, type of delivery (vaginal or cesarean)