Fig. 10.

Schematic diagram illustrates BACE1 deficiency in astrocytes and its effect on the astrocytic function. BACE1 deficiency decreases cleavage of astrocytic inulin receptor (IR). This abrogated cleavage, compared to wild type astrocytes, in turn leads to gain of function of insulin receptor signaling to its downstream molecules such as P38 and ERK1/2. This increased MAPK pathway activates AP-1 transcription to elevate Clu levels, and to enhance amyloid endocytosis by BACE1-null reactive astrocytes