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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2024 Feb 1.
Published in final edited form as: Intellect Dev Disabil. 2023 Feb 1;61(1):1–15. doi: 10.1352/1934-9556-61.1.1

Table 4.

Demographic Comparisons by Direct Support Professional (DSP) Vaccination Status

Variable Vaccinated DSPs Unvaccinated DSPs

Region N % N % p value
   Northeast 457 18.0a 145 15.0b 0.087
   Midwest 1,109 43.0 a 443 45.0 a
   South 798 31.0 a 333 33.0 a
   West 206 8.0 a 72 7.0 a
   Total 2,570 100.0 993 100.0
Gender Identity
   Man (including transgender man) 440 18.0 a 106 11.0 b <0.001
   Woman (including transgender woman) 2,000 80.0 a 821 88.0 b
   Non-binary 33 1.0 a 5 1.0 a
   Prefer to self-describe 16 1.0 a 5 1.0 a
   Total 2,489 100.0 937 100.0
Race
   Black or African American 494 20.0 a 166 19.0 a 0.599
   White 1,736 71.0 a 625 71.0 a
   Other 214 9.0 a 84 10.0 a
   Total 2,444 100.0 875 100.0
Hispanic, Latino, or Spanish Background
   Yes 139 6.0 a 49 6.0 a 0.844
   No 2,285 94.0 a 833 94.0 a
   Total 2,424 100.0 882 100.0
Education Level
   Less than high school 43 2.0 a 23 2.0 a <0.001
   High school diploma or GED 634 25.0 a 321 33.0 b
   Some college 369 14.0 a 153 16.0 a
   2-year degree 752 29.0 a 306 32.0 a
   4-year degree 526 21.0 a 120 12.0 b
   Postgraduate education 220 9.0 a 43 5.0 b
   Total 2,544 100.0 966 100.0
Annual Household Income
   $14,999 or less 90 4.0 a 55 7.0 b <0.001
   $15,000 to $21,999 232 10.0 a 132 15.0 b
   $22,000 to $39,999 847 37.0 a 332 39.0 a
   $40,000 to $99,999 928 41.0 a 286 34.0 b
   $100,000 to $200,000 153 7.0 a 44 5.0 a
   Over $200,000 15 1.0 a 3 <0.1 a
   Total 2,265 100.0 852 100.0
Type of Work Setting
   Agency or facility 1,553 59.0 a 625 62.0 a 0.085
   Family or individual home 823 31.0 a 310 31.0 a
   Community employment or job site 218 8.0 a 68 7.0 a
   Other site 62 2.0 a 14 1.0 a
   Total 2,656 100.0 1,017 100.0

Age (average) 47 years 41 years <0.001

Note. Subscript letters a and a in a row indicate column proportions do not differ significantly at the 0.05 level. Subscript letters a and b in a row indicate column proportions differ significantly at the 0.05 level. P-values in bold represent relationships that are significant at the 0.05 level.