Table 3.

Patients in whom clinical success was not achieved

Pt. no. /Age/Sex	Cause of bleeding	Comorbidities	Embolized arteries	Additional treatment	Clinical course
1/64 /M	Percutaneous drainage tube placement for abdominal abscess	Gastric cancer, pancreatitis	Seven arteriesa	No	Died due toliver failure 10 days later.
2/69 /F	Percutaneous aspiration for pericardial fluid	Myelodysplastic syndrome	Internal thoracic artery	Thoracotomy for removal of hematoma and hemostasis on the same day	Transferred to a rehabilitation hospital 45 days later.
3/78 /M	Arterial injury during endovascular intervention	Post-TEVAR due to aortic pseudoaneurysm	Costocervical trunk, internal thoracic artery	Second TAE, 1 day later because of decrease of blood pressure and progression of anemia.	Discharged home 20 days after embolization.
4/81 /M	Antithrombotic drug	Angina pectoris, chronic kidney disease	Lateral thoracic artery	Thoracotomy for hematoma removal because of respiratory deterioration and hematoma enlargement 2 days later	Died due to acute respiratory distress syndrome 25 days after embolization.
5/89 /M	Thoracic aortic aneurysm ruptureb	Chronic kidney disease	Eight arteriesc	No	Died due to disseminated intravascular coagulation 20 days later.

F: female, M: male, TAE: transcatheter arterial embolization, TEVAR: thoracic endovascular aortic repair

^aInferior epigastric, internal thoracic, 10–12th intercostal, and superficial and deep circumflex iliac arteries.

^bThis patient presented with a ruptured thoracic aortic aneurysm. Contrast media extravasation into the pleural cavity around the right pulmonary apex was observed. The association between the hemorrhage and aortic aneurysm rupture remains uncertain. After emergency endovascular aneurysm repair, embolization was performed.

^cDorsal scapular, superior cervical, thoracoacromial, lateral thoracic, thoracodorsal, and scapular circumflex arteries and thyrocervical and costocervical trunks.