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. 2023 May 5;18(5):e0285211. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0285211

Table 8. The SSIM results for all algorithms.

Image Name Level HGJO GJO IGJO RUN AOA DE PSO
Mean STD Mean STD Mean STD Mean STD Mean STD Mean STD Mean STD
C0080 8 0.892 8.99E-04 0.833 1.74E-02 0.868 7.74E-03 0.844 1.39E-02 0.869 5.55E-03 0.890 3.69E-04 0.660 4.64E-02
16 0.957 1.16E-03 0.937 9.46E-03 0.940 9.50E-03 0.945 6.07E-03 0.945 5.63E-03 0.932 5.13E-03 0.840 2.12E-02
24 0.987 3.13E-03 0.966 4.53E-03 0.963 6.18E-03 0.977 2.34E-03 0.974 3.20E-03 0.951 8.67E-03 0.900 1.83E-02
32 0.993 5.42E-04 0.973 4.29E-03 0.970 4.15E-03 0.983 1.95E-03 0.985 1.84E-03 0.963 6.76E-03 0.948 8.88E-03
C0088 8 0.938 4.63E-04 0.933 1.56E-03 0.937 7.18E-04 0.940 6.52E-04 0.940 8.79E-04 0.937 2.69E-04 0.841 2.42E-02
16 0.983 1.40E-04 0.970 2.84E-03 0.974 2.33E-03 0.978 1.41E-03 0.980 8.15E-04 0.976 1.17E-03 0.951 6.26E-03
24 0.993 1.33E-04 0.984 1.82E-03 0.986 1.25E-03 0.989 6.29E-04 0.990 4.02E-04 0.985 1.03E-03 0.961 5.25E-03
32 0.996 1.14E-04 0.991 1.11E-03 0.991 7.98E-04 0.993 6.94E-04 0.994 2.35E-04 0.989 8.64E-04 0.974 3.34E-03
C0132 8 0.859 2.48E-04 0.835 1.06E-02 0.809 1.59E-02 0.838 5.96E-03 0.837 6.73E-03 0.859 6.78E-04 0.615 6.47E-02
16 0.940 1.50E-03 0.917 1.31E-02 0.937 1.45E-02 0.944 3.81E-03 0.911 8.40E-03 0.872 1.77E-02 0.795 3.49E-02
24 0.977 1.68E-03 0.951 8.95E-03 0.945 8.01E-03 0.974 2.32E-03 0.965 3.12E-03 0.938 9.27E-03 0.859 2.28E-02
32 0.989 1.13E-03 0.939 1.05E-02 0.980 5.62E-03 0.986 1.57E-03 0.978 2.33E-03 0.941 8.56E-03 0.927 1.57E-02
C0135 8 0.907 7.95E-04 0.858 1.58E-02 0.882 5.95E-03 0.914 2.17E-03 0.910 1.88E-03 0.905 7.59E-04 0.759 3.13E-02
16 0.974 3.54E-04 0.946 6.34E-03 0.960 4.39E-03 0.968 1.96E-03 0.964 2.18E-03 0.951 4.17E-03 0.775 3.83E-02
24 0.989 2.38E-04 0.979 2.56E-03 0.977 3.05E-03 0.981 1.45E-03 0.980 1.58E-03 0.976 2.09E-03 0.939 9.22E-03
32 0.993 3.01E-04 0.985 1.74E-03 0.984 2.36E-03 0.989 8.99E-04 0.988 7.17E-04 0.981 1.69E-03 0.948 9.13E-03
C0180 8 0.888 1.14E-16 0.845 2.11E-02 0.843 1.32E-02 0.890 1.75E-03 0.849 2.03E-02 0.888 1.32E-04 0.689 5.44E-02
16 0.962 1.93E-03 0.928 1.05E-02 0.939 8.61E-03 0.945 5.41E-03 0.939 8.48E-03 0.908 1.18E-02 0.885 2.21E-02
24 0.986 8.68E-04 0.957 6.91E-03 0.958 6.82E-03 0.970 3.44E-03 0.956 6.58E-03 0.949 7.61E-03 0.900 2.12E-02
32 0.992 1.11E-03 0.977 4.08E-03 0.980 2.45E-03 0.984 2.33E-03 0.980 2.55E-03 0.960 6.16E-03 0.926 1.60E-02
C0536 8 0.832 5.78E-04 0.812 1.58E-02 0.814 1.36E-02 0.832 8.51E-03 0.830 6.65E-03 0.831 3.41E-16 0.626 5.13E-02
16 0.959 4.78E-03 0.932 1.09E-02 0.925 9.92E-03 0.951 5.21E-03 0.925 9.26E-03 0.923 1.14E-02 0.862 2.94E-02
24 0.987 1.46E-03 0.963 6.30E-03 0.970 4.19E-03 0.979 2.26E-03 0.969 3.01E-03 0.951 7.51E-03 0.868 2.90E-02
32 0.992 6.71E-04 0.974 5.01E-03 0.984 2.64E-03 0.986 1.56E-03 0.984 1.69E-03 0.968 5.25E-03 0.961 1.08E-02
C1088 8 0.847 1.02E-03 0.812 1.97E-02 0.795 2.03E-02 0.824 1.71E-02 0.842 4.92E-03 0.845 4.82E-04 0.240 1.59E-01
16 0.965 2.46E-03 0.898 1.87E-02 0.926 1.08E-02 0.954 4.77E-03 0.941 1.15E-02 0.907 1.40E-02 0.655 5.95E-02
24 0.988 1.26E-03 0.938 9.89E-03 0.960 5.27E-03 0.968 4.17E-03 0.983 2.66E-03 0.952 8.91E-03 0.886 2.28E-02
32 0.993 4.01E-04 0.966 5.92E-03 0.977 4.26E-03 0.974 3.72E-03 0.986 1.80E-03 0.969 4.01E-03 0.884 2.23E-02
L0032 8 0.582 6.35E-03 0.496 2.95E-02 0.496 2.92E-02 0.496 7.65E-02 0.534 2.39E-02 0.561 1.41E-05 0.533 9.14E-02
16 0.778 8.88E-03 0.496 1.24E-01 0.595 1.08E-01 0.639 7.73E-02 0.620 8.59E-02 0.684 3.84E-02 0.576 9.30E-02
24 0.869 1.39E-02 0.773 5.81E-02 0.686 9.87E-02 0.916 1.50E-02 0.742 5.78E-02 0.521 8.35E-02 0.579 1.19E-01
32 0.963 2.15E-02 0.829 3.49E-02 0.865 3.35E-02 0.797 5.47E-02 0.880 3.06E-02 0.799 4.73E-02 0.702 8.43E-02
L0064 8 0.812 3.68E-03 0.781 1.39E-02 0.802 1.10E-02 0.751 2.72E-02 0.802 9.50E-03 0.802 3.33E-03 0.702 3.21E-02
16 0.941 5.31E-03 0.894 2.56E-02 0.919 1.84E-02 0.964 4.50E-03 0.907 2.09E-02 0.853 2.07E-02 0.813 4.32E-02
24 0.972 3.10E-03 0.921 1.53E-02 0.947 8.76E-03 0.984 1.84E-03 0.959 8.91E-03 0.916 1.35E-02 0.819 3.57E-02
32 0.992 3.66E-03 0.980 2.92E-03 0.972 6.22E-03 0.988 1.33E-03 0.978 3.10E-03 0.927 1.84E-02 0.827 3.80E-02
L0135 8 0.793 1.37E-04 0.740 1.85E-02 0.778 3.00E-02 0.740 3.41E-02 0.793 1.05E-02 0.793 1.48E-04 0.582 5.97E-02
16 0.904 4.98E-03 0.857 3.03E-02 0.834 4.23E-02 0.923 1.39E-02 0.863 3.45E-02 0.847 2.41E-02 0.790 3.71E-02
24 0.982 1.37E-02 0.910 2.34E-02 0.909 2.27E-02 0.979 3.20E-03 0.918 2.40E-02 0.875 2.30E-02 0.846 3.80E-02
32 0.990 1.30E-02 0.961 6.98E-03 0.929 1.42E-02 0.971 5.55E-03 0.924 2.05E-02 0.890 2.18E-02 0.884 3.26E-02
L0158 8 0.865 1.03E-03 0.809 2.35E-02 0.834 1.07E-02 0.868 1.58E-02 0.855 7.76E-03 0.861 4.55E-16 0.670 4.68E-02
16 0.960 3.19E-03 0.931 1.34E-02 0.924 1.58E-02 0.970 3.64E-03 0.963 5.19E-03 0.918 1.31E-02 0.825 3.69E-02
24 0.988 2.69E-03 0.968 5.32E-03 0.957 8.87E-03 0.987 1.13E-03 0.983 2.22E-03 0.915 1.35E-02 0.880 2.94E-02
32 0.994 1.82E-03 0.983 2.24E-03 0.972 5.72E-03 0.979 3.31E-03 0.987 2.18E-03 0.962 8.50E-03 0.921 1.78E-02
L0226 8 0.680 2.28E-16 0.614 4.48E-02 0.679 1.04E-02 0.684 2.44E-02 0.661 1.23E-02 0.680 7.45E-05 0.561 6.85E-02
16 0.910 1.07E-02 0.866 3.50E-02 0.840 4.26E-02 0.912 2.30E-02 0.822 4.62E-02 0.760 4.64E-02 0.664 8.24E-02
24 0.987 5.91E-03 0.951 1.01E-02 0.973 9.77E-03 0.984 1.89E-03 0.953 1.11E-02 0.809 4.83E-02 0.798 4.95E-02
32 0.994 1.03E-03 0.953 8.19E-03 0.984 3.13E-03 0.990 1.09E-03 0.971 4.35E-03 0.859 3.39E-02 0.791 4.62E-02
L0699 8 0.760 2.28E-16 0.670 3.33E-02 0.727 1.83E-02 0.728 3.77E-02 0.728 2.37E-02 0.760 2.28E-16 0.601 5.31E-02
16 0.934 7.78E-03 0.832 3.56E-02 0.889 2.27E-02 0.865 2.85E-02 0.896 2.45E-02 0.833 2.84E-02 0.662 7.43E-02
24 0.988 4.64E-03 0.922 1.65E-02 0.925 1.43E-02 0.897 2.04E-02 0.953 8.70E-03 0.905 2.32E-02 0.808 7.42E-02
32 0.994 1.22E-03 0.960 6.83E-03 0.960 1.03E-02 0.963 6.47E-03 0.984 2.45E-03 0.920 1.91E-02 0.788 4.26E-02
L0879 8 0.789 9.89E-06 0.765 1.71E-02 0.733 3.13E-02 0.765 4.03E-02 0.789 6.74E-03 0.789 2.28E-16 0.705 4.08E-02
16 0.936 7.58E-03 0.891 2.92E-02 0.884 2.79E-02 0.963 6.92E-03 0.873 2.91E-02 0.853 2.23E-02 0.792 4.52E-02
24 0.981 5.95E-03 0.959 8.38E-03 0.877 2.76E-02 0.983 2.66E-03 0.919 1.91E-02 0.893 2.59E-02 0.760 5.82E-02
32 0.994 5.51E-03 0.945 1.09E-02 0.961 7.91E-03 0.969 6.45E-03 0.981 4.26E-03 0.908 2.60E-02 0.857 3.41E-02
L1074 8 0.929 6.34E-05 0.909 1.08E-02 0.909 7.15E-03 0.932 6.41E-03 0.929 4.24E-03 0.929 0.00E+00 0.833 2.63E-02
16 0.986 8.00E-04 0.976 2.79E-03 0.976 2.51E-03 0.983 1.33E-03 0.978 2.20E-03 0.965 5.00E-03 0.944 1.01E-02
24 0.995 2.31E-04 0.989 9.63E-04 0.989 1.60E-03 0.991 6.29E-04 0.990 5.82E-04 0.981 2.24E-03 0.923 1.32E-02
32 0.997 1.56E-04 0.992 9.63E-04 0.993 1.08E-03 0.995 3.91E-04 0.994 4.66E-04 0.986 1.69E-03 0.969 4.78E-03
X0017 8 0.921 2.38E-04 0.898 8.22E-03 0.896 7.49E-03 0.908 3.50E-03 0.918 1.06E-03 0.921 3.04E-04 0.869 1.15E-02
16 0.978 3.25E-04 0.959 4.91E-03 0.966 2.80E-03 0.966 2.54E-03 0.975 6.07E-04 0.966 1.63E-03 0.924 1.02E-02
24 0.989 3.28E-04 0.981 1.50E-03 0.979 2.33E-03 0.981 1.50E-03 0.988 3.13E-04 0.980 1.48E-03 0.964 3.61E-03
32 0.994 1.62E-04 0.988 1.50E-03 0.987 1.67E-03 0.988 1.12E-03 0.993 2.16E-04 0.986 1.16E-03 0.969 3.93E-03
Friedman mean rank 1.3203 4.7969 4.4219 2.5469 3.1172 4.8750 6.9219
Rank 1 5 4 2 3 6 7