Extended Data Figure 8 part 1.

a. We used a high-intensity laser pulse to make a hole in a cell, forcing its deflation. The cell radius changes as a function of turgor pressure, cell wall elasticity, and thickness of the cell wall. b. Cells were punctured with a laser, resulting in a decrease in cell radius proportional to turgor pressure. The similar decrease in radius of WT and hog1Δ cells indicates that, absent osmotic perturbation, these cells develop similar amounts of turgor pressure. The decrease in radius of osmotically compressed (c = 1 M sorbitol) hog1Δ cells indicates that these cells are still pressurized, albeit to a reduced extent. c. We used transmission electron microscopy to measure the cell wall thickness.