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. 2023 May 5;14:2597. doi: 10.1038/s41467-023-38338-3

Fig. 2. Individual discrimination requires the dorsal CA1 hippocampus.

Fig. 2

a Experimental scheme. b Spread of muscimol in the dorsal hippocampus. Red, BODIPY-conjugated muscimol. Blue, DAPI. Scale bar, 1 mm. See Supplementary Fig. 2 for the images for the other eight mice. c Muscimol, but not saline injection decreased the behavioral performance and dispersed the response time. Blue circles and red crosses indicate the response time for correct and incorrect licks, respectively. d Group comparison (Kruskal Wallis test with post hoc Dunn’s multiple comparisons: Ctrl vs. Mus, p = 0.003; Mus vs. Sal, p = 0.014). Ctrl, no injection; Mus, muscimol; Sal, saline. Numbers below the labels indicate the numbers of mice. e Muscimol injection had no effect on the non-social odor discrimination task (citral and 1-butanol). The example behavioral data in c and e were obtained from the same mouse. f Group comparison (Kruskal–Wallis test). n.s., not significant. g Top: Schematic of imaging window. Bottom: GCaMP6f signals in dorsal CA1. h Normalized changes in calcium signal during individual discrimination. Trials were sorted according to the trial type on the right. O, window opening. R, start of response window. C, window closing. The activity heat map on the front was obtained from the neuron marked with the yellow circle in g. i Support vector machine (SVM) decoding procedure. j SVM decoding accuracies at different behavioral performance levels in an example mouse (KLcn mouse in Supplementary Fig. 5). Sessions for the top, middle, and bottom performance level are indicated in k with matched color. Upper bars indicate the period of significant decoding (shuffling test, two-side, p < 0.05). Dashed lines represent top and bottom 2.5% of decoding accuracies obtained from shuffled data. k Peak decoding accuracy correlated with behavioral performance (Pearson’s r = 0.82, p = 7.87 × 10−13). Each dot indicates each behavioral session. The black line indicates the regression line. l Distribution of correlation coefficients for each mouse (mean ± SEM, two-sided paired t-test, p = 3.78 × 10−7). Source data are provided as a Source Data file.