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. 2023 May 5;11(5):e005719. doi: 10.1136/jitc-2022-005719

Figure 6.

Figure 6

Metformin improves tumor response to anti-programmed cell death protein 1 (anti-PD-1) treatment. (A) Growth curves of B16F1 tumors treated once with 100 mg/kg cyclophosphamide (CTX) (day −1) 1 week after tumor cell injection, followed by metformin (0.5 mg/mL) administration in drinking water in combination with intraperitoneal injection of anti-PD-1 antibody (100 µg/mouse) or isotype every 3 days starting from day 0 (A, pool of two independent experiments: CTX+isotype: n=7; CTX+metformin+isotype: n=9; CTX+anti-PD-1: n=10; CTX+metformin+anti-PD-1: n=11). (B, C) Combined (B) and single (C) growth curves of MC38 tumors treated or not with metformin (0.5 mg/mL) in drinking water, in combination with intraperitoneal injection of anti-PD-1 antibody (200 µg/mouse) or isotype every 3 days starting from day 0 (B, pool of three independent experiments: isotype: n=11; metformin+isotype: n=9; anti-PD-1: n=9; metformin+anti-PD-1: n=11). Data in A, B are mean±SEM. ns, not significant; **p<0.01; ***p<0.001, calculated by two-way analysis of variance.