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. 2023 May 6;83(8):665–685. doi: 10.1007/s40265-023-01875-8

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Fig. 2 — Schematic representation of 1α-hydroxylation of 25 (OH)D in the active form in renal and extrarenal tissues. Several tissues have been described to have the CYP27B1 enzyme responsible for the 1α-hydroxylation of 25 (OH) D, but here emphasis is given in the immune and epithelial cells. Of note is that the control of the CYP27B1 activity differs between renal and extrarenal tissues. FGF23 fibroblast growth factor, IFN-γ interferon gamma, PTH parathyroid hormone, TLR toll-like receptor, TNF-α tumor necrosis factor alpha