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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2024 May 3.
Published in final edited form as: Neuron. 2023 Mar 8;111(9):1486–1503.e7. doi: 10.1016/j.neuron.2023.02.012

Figure 6. PCG glutamatergic and GABAergic neurons mediate behavioral effects through distinguishable downstream projections.

Figure 6.

(A) Schematic viral injection and optical stimulation of PCG axon terminals in different target regions separately in Vglut2-Cre mice while silencing PCG cell bodies with muscimol.

(B) Movement tracking traces for an example eYFP and ChR2 animal in RTPP test with optical stimulation applied to PCG glutamatergic projections in LHA.

(C) Percentage time spent in the LED-On chamber with stimulation of PCG glutamatergic projections to different target regions. *P < 0.05, ***P < 0.001, one-way ANOVA; n = 8, 6, 6, 5, 5, 5 and 5 from left to right.

(D) Average locomotion speed during stimulation of PCG glutamatergic projections to different targets in the open field test. ***P < 0.001, one-way ANOVA; n = 8, 6, 6, 5, 5, 5 and 5 from left to right.

(E) Pupil size changes in responding to activation of PCG-to-LHA glutamatergic axons (30 trials) in an example animal. The trace on top represents as mean ± SEM.

(F) Summary of peak pupil size changes elicited by stimulating PCG glutamatergic projections to different targets. **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001, one-way ANOVA; n = 8, 6, 6, 5, 5, 5 and 5 from left to right. Control mice were pooled.

(G) Similar to (A) but in Vgat-Cre mice.

(H) Movement tracking traces for an example animal in the RTPP test with optical stimulation applied to PCG GABAergic projections in LHA.

(I) Percentage time spent in the LED-On chamber with stimulation of PCG GABAergic projections to different target regions. ***P < 0.001, one-way ANOVA; n = 8, 5, 6, 7, 7, 5 and 5 from left to right.

(J) Average locomotion speed during stimulation of PCG GABAergic projections to different target regions in the open field test. P > 0.05, one-way ANOVA; n = 8, 5, 6, 7, 7, 5 and 5 from left to right.

(K) Pupil size changes in responding to activation of PCG-to-LHA GABAergic axons in an example animal.

(L) Summary of peak pupil size changes elicited by stimulating PCG GABAergic projections to different target regions. ***P < 0.001, one-way ANOVA; n = 8, 5, 6, 7, 7, 5 and 5 from left to right. Control mice were pooled.

Error Bar = SD in all plots.