Table 3.

Analyzed nutrient composition of palm kernel expellers¹⁾

Item (%)	Indonesia				Philippines	Vietnam											Indonesia vs Vietnam
	Sample 1	Sample 2	CV	Average		Sample 1	Sample 2	Sample 3	Sample 4	Sample 5	Sample 6	Sample 7	Sample 8	Sample 9	CV	Average	SEM	p-value
Dry matter	92.58	92.79	0.16	92.69	92.82	92.78	93.16	93.48	90.92	91.78	91.57	91.24	92.15	92.86	0.97	92.22	0.30	0.190
GE (kcal/kg)	4,172	4,295	2.06	4,234	4,225	4,347	4,188	4,103	4,267	4,084	4,286	4,764	4,545	4,419	5.03	4,334	114.84	0.552
Crude protein	16.06	16.06	0.03	16.06	14.84	13.71	15.29	15.94	14.85	16.61	15.59	15.02	16.60	17.16	6.83	15.64	0.56	0.607
AEE	8.53	8.45	0.63	8.49	7.80	8.45	7.30	5.87	8.45	5.28	8.54	9.26	7.92	6.33	18.38	7.49	0.61	0.478
Ash	4.87	3.79	17.53	4.33	4.02	3.68	3.46	5.60	4.05	3.91	3.86	4.03	3.75	6.03	21.21	4.26	0.47	0.475
Carbohydrates
IDF	54.18	55.48	1.68	54.83	56.69	59.28	57.15	52.91	57.01	58.68	56.51	64.97	62.02	56.97	5.94	58.39	1.82	0.199
SDF	3.42	2.94	10.71	3.18	2.94	2.28	3.21	3.29	2.03	2.30	3.17	2.49	3.49	3.55	20.45	2.87	0.31	0.497
TDF	57.60	58.42	1.00	58.01	59.63	61.56	60.36	56.20	59.04	60.98	59.68	67.47	65.50	60.52	5.51	61.26	1.76	0.225
Rest fraction2)	0.94	1.28	-	1.11	1.71	0.61	1.59	4.39	1.62	1.22	0.88	0.67	1.72	4.72	-	1.94	0.55	0.948
Minerals
Calcium	0.81	0.27	71.46	0.54	0.30	0.27	0.42	0.56	0.55	0.44	0.56	0.29	0.45	0.60	26.04	0.46	0.09	0.562
Phosphorus	0.67	0.56	12.22	0.61	0.61	0.56	0.65	0.58	0.62	0.66	0.58	0.61	0.71	0.63	7.53	0.62	0.03	0.861
Magnesium	0.32	0.28	11.38	0.30	0.29	0.28	0.29	0.34	0.28	0.29	0.26	0.30	0.32	0.36	10.56	0.30	0.02	0.930
Potassium	0.63	0.66	4.00	0.65	0.62	0.58	0.66	0.69	0.65	0.65	0.60	0.63	0.72	0.74	7.96	0.66	0.03	0.692
Sodium	0.01	0.01	0.16	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.02	0.01	0.02	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.02	37.50	0.01	0.00	0.389
Sulfur	0.06	0.04	28.44	0.05	0.04	0.03	0.04	0.06	0.05	0.05	0.05	0.03	0.04	0.06	24.81	0.05	0.01	0.637
Copper (mg/kg)	40.81	35.63	9.58	38.22	25.00	23.08	33.66	46.69	24.23	28.84	24.25	25.29	36.52	50.28	31.22	32.54	5.34	0.471
Iron (mg/kg)	355.63	999.11	67.17	677.37	751.16	1,031.60	213.81	724.08	601.80	502.71	688.74	1,130.64	232.03	779.75	47.87	656.13	183.90	0.937
Manganese (mg/kg)	297.50	186.71	32.36	242.10	278.90	263.36	160.40	316.16	284.73	304.64	220.59	288.65	174.06	340.47	24.15	261.45	21.33	0.082
Zinc (mg/kg)	41.93	39.78	3.71	40.86	38.43	36.89	42.69	41.45	39.37	48.66	40.21	40.43	46.32	44.64	8.71	42.30	1.94	0.612

CV, coefficient of variation; SEM, standard error of the means; GE, gross energy; AEE, acid-hydrolyzed ether extract; IDF, insoluble dietary fiber; SDF, soluble dietary fiber; TDF, total dietary fiber.

¹⁾Except for dry matter, all values were adjusted to 88% dry matter.

²⁾Rest fraction = calculated using the following equation: [dry matter − (crude protein + AEE + ash + total dietary fiber + total starch)].