Figure 1.

Cell surface heparan sulfate regulates lipid storage in differentiating adipocytes.A, Oil Red O stain of differentiated WT and Ndst1^−/− adipocytes treated with or without heparin (100 μg/ml). Nuclei visualized with DAPI. B, quantified Oil red stain performed by elution of stain (two-way ANOVA, n = 3). C, MTT assay of WT and Ndst1^−/− adipocytes treated with or without heparin (100 μg/ml) (n = 3). D–K, RNAseq quantification of adipogenesis markers relative to day 0 expression levels of WT and Ndst1^−/− MEFs undergoing adipogenesis (two-way ANOVA, n = 2). L, cell surface binding of very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) binding to the WT and Ndst1^−/− cells (n = 3). M, lipoprotein lipase (LPL) binding to WT or Ndst1^−/− adipocytes treated with or without heparin (100 μg/ml) (two-way ANOVA, n = 3). N, radiolabeled fatty acid ³[H]-Palmitate uptake in WT or Ndst1^−/− adipocytes treated with or without heparin (100 μg/ml) (two-way ANOVA, n = 3). Data are presented as mean ± SD, ∗∗∗∗p < 0.0001, ∗∗∗p < 0.001, ∗∗p < 0.01, ∗p < 0.05. Hep, Heparin; MEF, mouse embryonic fibroblast; Ndst1, N-deacetylase-N-sulfotransferase 1.