Table 3.
Subgroup analysis of serum zonulin.
| Subgroup by | Studies | Participants | SMD (95% CI) | I2 | P | P for heterogeneity | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Country | China | 2 | 284 | -2.34[-2.64, -2.03] | 40% | <0.00001 | 0.20 |
| Netherlands | 2 | 76 | -1.34[-3.77, 1.08] | 95% | 0.28 | <0.00001 | |
| USA | 1 | 5 | -0.35[-1.14, 0.44] | NA | 0.39 | NA | |
| Population characteristics | Athletes | 1 | 25 | -0.35[-1.14, 0.44] | NA | 0.39 | NA |
| Patients | 4 | 360 | -1.87[-2.77, -0.98] | 90% | <0.0001 | <0.00001 | |
| Duration of treatment | < 4 weeks | 2 | 284 | -2.34[-2.64, -2.03] | 40% | <0.00001 | 0.20 |
| ≥4 weeks | 3 | 101 | -1.01[-2.58, 0.55] | 92% | 0.20 | <0.00001 | |