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. 2023 Apr 24;14:1176748. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1176748

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Copyright © 2023 Schubert, Gaynullina, Shvetsova and Tarasova.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Dependence of fluorescence intensity on calcium concentration. In the absence of calcium, the dye is free of calcium and minimum fluorescence is observed. With increasing calcium concentration the dye binds increasingly more calcium ions, but when all dye molecules are occupied by calcium ions a maximum fluorescence is achieved. There is a non-linear dependence of fluorescence intensity on calcium concentration. Consequently, similar changes in calcium concentration (ΔCa1 = ΔCa2), when evoked from different initial calcium concentrations, produce different changes in fluorescence intensity (ΔF1 > ΔF2).