Table 1.
Patient and tumor characteristics by socioeconomic status groups
| Characteristic | Total | Low SES | Mid-low SES | Mid-high SES | High SES | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n (%) | 112563 | 21343 (19.0%) | 27260 (24.2%) | 34989 (31.1%) | 28971 (25.7%) | |
| Age (median [interquartile range]) | 52.00 [50.00, 54.00] | 52.00 [50.00, 54.00] | 52.00 [50.00, 54.00] | 52.00 [50.00, 54.00] | 52.00 [50.00, 54.00] | 0.684 |
| Race (%) | ||||||
| Caucasian | 86756 (77.1) | 11771 (55.2) | 20742 (76.1) | 28558 (81.6) | 25685 (88.7) | <0.001 |
| African American | 22881 (20.3) | 9049 (42.4) | 5872 (21.5) | 5468 (15.6) | 2492 (8.6) | |
| Other | 2926 (2.6) | 523 (2.5) | 646 (2.4) | 963 (2.8) | 794 (2.7) | |
| Hispanic ethnicity (%) | ||||||
| Yes | 5910 (5.3) | 2020 (9.5) | 1650 (6.1) | 1472 (4.2) | 768 (2.7) | <0.001 |
| No | 106653 (94.7) | 19323 (90.5) | 25610 (93.9) | 33517 (95.8) | 28203 (97.3) | |
| Insurance status (%) | ||||||
| Not Insured | 2756 (2.4) | 1113 (5.2) | 728 (2.7) | 584 (1.7) | 331 (1.1) | <0.001 |
| Medicaid | 4451 (4.0) | 2000 (9.4) | 1199 (4.4) | 896 (2.6) | 356 (1.2) | |
| Medicare | 4873 (4.3) | 1895 (8.9) | 1343 (4.9) | 1119 (3.2) | 516 (1.8) | |
| Other Government | 2396 (2.1) | 487 (2.3) | 707 (2.6) | 786 (2.2) | 416 (1.4) | |
| Private Insurance/Managed Care | 98087 (87.1) | 15848 (74.3) | 23283 (85.4) | 31604 (90.3) | 27352 (94.4) | |
| Facility type (%) | ||||||
| Academic/Research Program | 48658 (43.2) | 9190 (43.1) | 10551 (38.7) | 14864 (42.5) | 14053 (48.5) | <0.001 |
| Comprehensive Community Cancer Program | 37786 (33.6) | 7650 (35.8) | 10101 (37.1) | 11920 (34.1) | 8115 (28.0) | |
| Integrated Network Cancer Program | 21349 (19.0) | 3501 (16.4) | 5068 (18.6) | 6716 (19.2) | 6064 (20.9) | |
| Community Cancer Program | 4770 (4.2) | 1002 (4.7) | 1540 (5.6) | 1489 (4.3) | 739 (2.6) | |
| Distance to hospital (miles) | 12.9 [6, 30] | 11.20 [4.40, 38.60] | 14.80 [6.00, 37.30] | 13.40 [6.40, 27.90] | 12.00 [6.80, 22.40] | <0.001 |
| Area of residence (%) | ||||||
| Rural | 1570 (1.4) | 686 (3.2) | 514 (1.9) | 329 (0.9) | 41 (0.1) | <0.001 |
| Urban | 46665 (41.5) | 11143 (52.2) | 14849 (54.5) | 13912 (39.8) | 6761 (23.3) | |
| Metro | 64328 (57.1) | 9514 (44.6) | 11897 (43.6) | 20748 (59.3) | 22169 (76.5) | |
| Charlson-Deyo Comorbidity Index (%) | ||||||
| 0 | 98720 (87.7) | 17850 (83.6) | 23701 (86.9) | 30917 (88.4) | 26252 (90.6) | <0.001 |
| 1 | 11829 (10.5) | 2860 (13.4) | 3022 (11.1) | 3521 (10.1) | 2426 (8.4) | |
| ≥ 2 | 2014 (1.8) | 633 (3.0) | 537 (2.0) | 551 (1.6) | 293 (1.0) | |
| Surgical treatment (%) | ||||||
| Radical prostatectomy | 92746 (82.4) | 16477 (77.2) | 22103 (81.1) | 29316 (83.8) | 24850 (85.8) | <0.001 |
| No surgery | 17142 (15.2) | 4175 (19.6) | 4441 (16.3) | 4937 (14.1) | 3589 (12.4) | |
| Other treatment | 2522 (2.2) | 667 (3.1) | 671 (2.5) | 687 (2.0) | 497 (1.7) | |
| Unknown | 153 (0.1) | 24 (0.1) | 45 (0.2) | 49 (0.1) | 35 (0.1) | |
| Analytic stage group (%) | ||||||
| Stage I | 18328 (16.3) | 3465 (16.2) | 4542 (16.7) | 5572 (15.9) | 4749 (16.4) | <0.001 |
| Stage II | 73399 (65.2) | 13613 (63.8) | 17475 (64.1) | 23036 (65.8) | 19275 (66.5) | |
| Stage III | 16213 (14.4) | 3091 (14.5) | 4038 (14.8) | 5043 (14.4) | 4041 (13.9) | |
| Stage IV | 4623 (4.1) | 1174 (5.5) | 1205 (4.4) | 1338 (3.8) | 906 (3.1) | |
| pT (%) | ||||||
| 0 | 86 (0.1) | 16 (0.1) | 22 (0.1) | 25 (0.1) | 23 (0.1) | <0.001 |
| 1 | 686 (0.6) | 185 (0.9) | 168 (0.6) | 197 (0.6) | 136 (0.5) | |
| 2 | 69872 (62.1) | 12330 (57.8) | 16519 (60.6) | 22111 (63.2) | 18912 (65.3) | |
| 3 | 17832 (15.8) | 3490 (16.4) | 4422 (16.2) | 5508 (15.7) | 4412 (15.2) | |
| 4 | 442 (0.4) | 103 (0.5) | 116 (0.4) | 139 (0.4) | 84 (0.3) | |
| X | 11935 (10.6) | 2371 (11.1) | 2930 (10.7) | 3687 (10.5) | 2947 (10.2) | |
| Missing | 11710 (10.4) | 2848 (13.3) | 3083 (11.3) | 3322 (9.5) | 2457 (8.5) | |
| pN (%) | ||||||
| 0 | 70169 (62.3) | 12826 (60.1) | 16556 (60.7) | 22087 (63.1) | 18700 (64.5) | <0.001 |
| 1 | 2628 (2.3) | 561 (2.6) | 654 (2.4) | 790 (2.3) | 623 (2.2) | |
| X | 26072 (23.2) | 4766 (22.3) | 6490 (23.8) | 8135 (23.3) | 6681 (23.1) | |
| Missing | 13694 (12.2) | 3190 (14.9) | 3560 (13.1) | 3977 (11.4) | 2967 (10.2) | |
| pM (%) | ||||||
| 0 | 30123 (26.8) | 5332 (25.0) | 7152 (26.2) | 9424 (26.9) | 8215 (28.4) | <0.001 |
| 1 | 997 (0.9) | 271 (1.3) | 285 (1.0) | 290 (0.8) | 151 (0.5) | |
| X | 19077 (16.9) | 3437 (16.1) | 4666 (17.1) | 6102 (17.4) | 4872 (16.8) | |
| Missing | 62366 (55.4) | 12303 (57.6) | 15157 (55.6) | 19173 (54.8) | 15733 (54.3) | |
| Lymphovascular invasion (%) | ||||||
| Present/Identified | 3837 (5.4) | 779 (5.5) | 885 (5.1) | 1204 (5.5) | 969 (5.3) | <0.001 |
| Absent/Not identified | 50696 (70.9) | 9544 (67.7) | 12205 (70.3) | 15675 (71.5) | 13272 (73.0) | |
| Unknown | 17012 (23.8) | 3771 (26.8) | 4263 (24.6) | 5048 (23.0) | 3930 (21.6) | |
| Surgical margins (%) | ||||||
| Residual tumor | 20411 (18.1) | 3945 (18.5) | 5134 (18.8) | 6375 (18.2) | 4957 (17.1) | <0.001 |
| No residual tumor | 73169 (65.0) | 12770 (59.8) | 17218 (63.2) | 23137 (66.1) | 20044 (69.2) | |
| No primary site surgery | 17142 (15.2) | 4175 (19.6) | 4441 (16.3) | 4937 (14.1) | 3589 (12.4) | |
| Margins not evaluable | 912 (0.8) | 249 (1.2) | 243 (0.9) | 252 (0.7) | 168 (0.6) | |
| Unknown or not applicable | 929 (0.8) | 204 (1.0) | 224 (0.8) | 288 (0.8) | 213 S0.7) |