Table 1.
Association of explanatory variables with 7 personality traits in the generalized linear models
| Variable | Insecurity |
Training focus |
Energy |
Perseverance |
DF | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| F | p value | F | p value | F | p value | F | p value | ||
| Sex | 48.90 | 4.18e-11 | 44.48 | 3.46e-10 | 23.81 | 6.37e-06 | 2.24 | 0.206 | 1 |
| Age | 0.00 | 0.981 | 145.84 | 5.28e-15 | 1426.80 | 5.28e-15 | 62.69 | 5.73e-14 | 1 |
| Age2 | 16.36 | 2.16e-04 | 36.31 | 1.69e-08 | 42.47 | 8.96e-10 | 1 | ||
| Breed/breed group | 9.00 | 5.28e-15 | 6.37 | 5.28e-15 | 28.45 | 5.28e-15 | 11.89 | 5.28e-15 | 51 |
| Level of socialization | 58.45 | 5.28e-15 | 26.09 | 5.28e-15 | 4 | ||||
| Sterilization status | 106.86 | 5.28e-15 | 52.27 | 8.41e-12 | 1 | ||||
| Dog experience | 63.25 | 5.28e-15 | 24.75 | 1.37e-14 | 3 | ||||
| Main reason for ownership/use of the dog | 25.79 | 9.19e-11 | 59.49 | 5.28e-15 | 2 | ||||
| Frequency of hobbies | 12.92 | 1.95e-09 | 40.09 | 5.28e-15 | 23.29 | 5.28e-15 | 4 | ||
| Daily exercise | 19.86 | 1.24e-11 | 3 | ||||||
| Average time spent alone | 12.19 | 7.13e-09 | 4 | ||||||
| Other dogs in the household when acquired | 45.30 | 2.35e-10 | 69.23 | 5.28e-15 | 1 | ||||
| Variable |
Aggressiveness/dominance |
Human sociability |
Dog sociability |
DF | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| F | p value | F | p value | F | p value | ||
| Sex | 125.41 | 5.28e-15 | 7.79 | 0.013 | 194.46 | 5.28e-15 | 1 |
| Age | 448.82 | 5.28e-15 | 145.58 | 5.28e-15 | 1141.59 | 5.28e-15 | 1 |
| Age2 | 257.57 | 5.28e-15 | 315.55 | 5.28e-15 | 1 | ||
| Breed/breed group | 19.90 | 5.28e-15 | 12.20 | 5.28e-15 | 11.35 | 5.28e-15 | 51 |
| Level of socialization | 16.46 | 3.20e-12 | 12.85 | 2.22e-09 | 9.95 | 3.68e-07 | 4 |
| Main reason for ownership/use of the dog | 37.94 | 5.28e-15 | 2 | ||||
All p values are controlled for false discovery rate. Significant p values are indicated in bold. N = 11 418. F = F-test statistic, DF = degrees of freedom, age2 = age as a quadratic explanatory variable. Supplementary items.