Figure 1.

Conceptual framework on the relationship between income-related measures and health. This figure uses income-related measures to illustrate 3 pathways that explain the relationship between income and health. Each pathway is associated with a different measure of income, including individual income (double line border), area-level income (single line border), and income inequality (dashed line border), which combines income at the individual and area levels. This figure also comments on data availability and visualizes individual vs ecological fallacy.