Table 1.

Probabilities^a of selecting a lower dose level in a trial design that has a 0.10 probability of selecting the lower dose when its response rate is lower by 20%^b

Sample size per arm	Difference in response rates between low-dose and high-dose arms
	pH = 40% pL = 20%	pH = 40% pL = 35%	pH = 40% pL = 40%
	pL − pH = −20%	pL − pH = −5%	pL − pH = 0%
20	.10	.35	.46
30	.10	.50	.65
50	.10	.60	.77
100	.10	.83	.95

^aProbabilities are estimated from 10⁶ simulated trials.

^bThe lower dose level is selected if the 1-sided lower 90% confidence limit for the difference in response rates is greater than −20%.