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. 2023 May 8;11:101. doi: 10.1186/s40168-023-01556-4

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© The Author(s) 2023

Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.

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Fig. 6 — Virome composition of different continents. A Shannon index of virus OTUs of Hainan and California (USA, North America) in Aedes albopictus. B Shannon index of virus OTUs of Hainan and Yunnan (China, Asia) in Culex pipiens quinquefasciatus. C Shannon index of virus OTUs of Hainan and Sweden (Europe) in Culex pipiens quinquefasciatus. Stars indicate statistically significant differences between groups determined by pairwise Wilcoxon rank sum tests. The downsampling subset frequency was set to 25%, 50%, and 100% based on sequencing depth and the number of mosquito individuals involved. D Spatial associations of RNA viruses that are shared between different continents. Only the RNA viruses that were simultaneously detected on different continents are shown. Ae.alb, Aedes albopictus; Cx.pip, Culex pipiens quinquefasciatus