Table 3.
Univariate Analysis of Factors Associated with PTSD Among the Study Participants (n = 543)
| Variables | Normal | Mild distress | Moderate distress | Severe distress | Total | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age ≥ 40, n (%) | 61 (81.3) | 9 (12.0) | 3 (4.0) | 2 (2.7) | 75 (100.0) | 0.49 |
| Gender female, n (%) | 215 (80.5) | 29 (10.9) | 8 (3.0) | 15 (5.6) | 267 (100.0) | 0.58 |
| Specialty, n (%) | ||||||
| Physician | 199 (79.0) | 21 (8.3) | 9 (3.6) | 23 (9.1) | 252 (100.0) | 0.27 |
| Nurse | 161 (77.0) | 29 (13.9) | 8 (3.8) | 11 (5.3) | 209 (100.0) | |
| Other | 68 (82.9) | 8 (9.8) | 3 (3.7) | 3 (3.7) | 82 (100.0) | |
| Having a history of mental illness, n (%) | 34 (50.7) | 9 (13.4) | 8 (11.9) | 16 (23.9) | 67 (100.0) | 0.00 |
| Working at ED/ICU at Covid-19 hospital, n (%) | 236 (78.9) | 26 (8.7) | 14 (4.7) | 23 (7.7) | 299 (100.0) | 0.17 |
| Working at Covid-19 hospital for >8 weeks, n (%) | 95 (69.9) | 18 (13.2) | 8 (5.9) | 15 (11.0) | 136 (100.0) | 0.02 |
| Preparedness, n (%) | ||||||
| Bad | 64 (61.0) | 17 (16.2) | 7 (6.7) | 17 (16.2) | 105 (100.0) | 0.00 |
| Good | 364 (83.1) | 41 (9.4) | 13 (3.0) | 20 (4.6) | 438 (100.0) | |
| Working condition, class, n (%) | ||||||
| Poor resources | 93 (65.5) | 20 (14.1) | 7 (4.9) | 22 (15.5) | 142 (100.0) | 0.00 |
| Good facility, Poor human resources | 213 (79.5) | 32 (11.9) | 9 (3.4) | 14 (5.2) | 268 (100.0) | |
| Good resources | 122 (91.7) | 6 (4.5) | 4 (3.0) | 1 (0.8) | 133 (100.0) | |
| Number of concerns, n (%) | ||||||
| 0 | 75 (93.8) | 3 (3.8) | 2 (2.5) | 0 (0.0) | 80 (100.0) | 0.00 |
| 1 | 66 (91.7) | 6 (8.3) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 72 (100.0) | |
| 2 | 70 (86.4) | 4 (4.9) | 2 (2.5) | 5 (6.2) | 81 (100.0) | |
| 3 | 76 (78.4) | 9 (9.3) | 7 (7.2) | 5 (5.2) | 97 (100.0) | |
| 4 | 77 (73.3) | 14 (13.3) | 4 (3.8) | 10 (9.5) | 105 (100.0) | |
| 5 | 64 (59.3) | 22 (20.4) | 5 (4.6) | 17 (15.7) | 108 (100.0) | |
| Total FOC score, median (Q1-Q3) | 9.0 (5.0; 14.0) | 13.5 (9.0; 15.3) | 15.5 (10.0; 20.8) | 16.0 (9.0; 21.0) | 10.0 (5.0; 15.0) | 0.00 |
Abbreviations: Q, quartile; ICU, Intensive care unit; ED, Emergency department; COVID, Corona virus disease; FOC, fear of COVID.
Variables in bold are statistically significant.