TABLE 4.
Characteristics of patients with nephrotic syndrome according to different outcomes.
| Total | CR + PR | NR | P-Value | |
| n = 146 | n = 107 | n = 39 | ||
| Demographic characteristics | ||||
| Male sex, no. (%) | 99 (67.8%) | 66 (61.7%) | 33 (84.6%) | 0.009 |
| Age, y | 54.0 (42.8,63.0) | 54.0 (39.0,63.0) | 56.0 (48.0,65.0) | 0.127 |
| Clinical characteristics | ||||
| SBP, mmHg | 134.0 (124.0,145.0) | 134.0 (124.0,145.0) | 131.0 (123.0,141.0) | 0.402 |
| DBP, mmHg | 84.5 (77.0,91.3) | 85.0 (78.0,93.0) | 80.0 (74.0,90.0) | 0.269 |
| MBP, mmHg | 100.3 (91.9,109.1) | 101.0 (93.3,109.3) | 98.3 (90.7,107.0) | 0.271 |
| Laboratory characteristics | ||||
| Anti-PLA2R Ab, RU/mL | 79.7 (21.1,218.2) | 56.9 (15.4,155.0) | 160.7 (71.1,494.2) | <0.001 |
| Albumin, g/L | 20.5 ± 4.2 | 21.0 ± 4.2 | 19.1 ± 4.1 | 0.012 |
| Urinary protein, g/d | 7.71 (5.29,10.58) | 7.69 (5.52,10.52) | 7.77 (5.19,11.15) | 0.810 |
| Baseline 25(OH)D, nmol/L | 12.95 (3.75,19.43) | 14.50 (7.60,20.10) | 10.30 (3.75,16.60) | 0.020 |
| Follow-up 25(OH)D, nmol/L | 51.00 (34.35,70.65) | 57.90 (41.50,75.30) | 23.30 (12.60,42.8) | <0.001 |
| Δ25(OH)D, nmol/L | 35.28 (16.78,58.18) | 44.40 (28.40,62.90) | 10.80 (1.00,33.60) | <0.001 |
| TC, mmol/L | 7.74 (6.30,9.13) | 7.94 (6.36,9.28) | 7.21 (6.21,8.48) | 0.115 |
| TG, mmol/L | 2.13 (1.46,2.84) | 2.12 (1.50,2.96) | 2.20 (1.39,2.71) | 0.808 |
| HDL-C, mmol/L | 1.40 (1.16,1.64) | 1.42 (1.17,1.66) | 1.31 (1.02,1.53) | 0.193 |
| LDL-C, mmol/L | 4.87 (3.87,5.72) | 5.01 (3.94,6.06) | 4.46 (3.67,5.52) | 0.095 |
| Serum calcium, mmol/L | 1.91 ± 0.01 | 1.93 ± 0.13 | 1.86 ± 0.11 | 0.002 |
| Serum phosphorus, mmol/L | 1.20 ± 0.02 | 1.20 ± 0.20 | 1.18 ± 0.23 | 0.639 |
| Serum creatinine, μmol/L | 74.00 (62.23,88.68) | 72.40 (60.20,86.70) | 77.60 (63.40,95.80) | 0.119 |
| eGFR, ml/min/1.73 m2 | 95.14 (79.58,108.90) | 96.44 (81.18,109.67) | 91.51 (74.31,105.94) | 0.240 |
| Uric acid, μmol/L | 374.4 ± 104.1 | 373.5 ± 101.9 | 376.7 ± 111.2 | 0.872 |
| Serum IgG, g/L | 4.90 (3.74,6.51) | 5.06 (3.80,6.54) | 4.59 (3.53,6.25) | 0.293 |
| Serum IgA, g/L | 1.96 (1.42,2.55) | 1.96 (1.49,2.62) | 1.90 (1.29,2.54) | 0.647 |
| Serum IgM, g/L | 0.98 (0.65,1.36) | 0.96 (0.66,1.36) | 1.08 (0.64,1.41) | 0.744 |
| Serum C3, g/L | 1.0 ± 0.2 | 1.0 ± 0.2 | 0.9 ± 0.2 | 0.365 |
| Serum C4, g/L | 0.26 (0.22,0.31) | 0.27 (0.23,0.31) | 0.26 (0.21,0.31) | 0.748 |
| Comorbid disease | ||||
| Hypertension no. (%) | 75 (51.4%) | 53 (49.5%) | 22 (56.4%) | 0.462 |
| Diabetes mellitus no. (%) | 20 (13.7%) | 14 (13.1%) | 6 (15.4%) | 0.721 |
| Infection no. (%) | 13 (8.9%) | 6 (5.6%) | 7 (17.9%) | 0.021 |
| Therapy | ||||
| Glucocorticoids no. (%) | 141 (96.6%) | 103 (96.3%) | 38 (97.4%) | 0.730 |
| Immunosuppressive agents, no. (%) | 140 (95.9%) | 102 (95.3%) | 38 (97.4%) | 0.570 |
| ACEI/ARB no. (%) | 124 (84.9%) | 91 (85.0%) | 33 (84.6%) | 0.949 |
| Follow up | ||||
| Follow-up time, m | 19.8 (12.5,30.5) | 20.4 (12.6,31.0) | 18.2 (10.6,26.4) | 0.230 |
CR, complete remission; PR, partial remission; NR, non-remission/response; SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; MBP, mean blood pressure; Anti-PLA2R Ab, serum anti-phospholipase A2 receptor antibody; TC, serum total cholesterol; TG, serum triglycerides; HDL-C, serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL-C, serum low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; IgG, serum immunoglobulin G; IgA, serum immunoglobulin A; IgM, serum immunoglobulin M; C3, serum complement 3; C4, serum complement 4; ACEI, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor; ARB, angiotensin receptor inhibitor. Δ25 (OH)D: the difference between follow-up 25(OH)D and baseline 25(OH)D. Data were presented as the mean ± standard, the median with interquartile range or counts and percentages. Bold values denote statistical significance at the P < 0.05 level.