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. 2023 May 8;6:496. doi: 10.1038/s42003-023-04882-3

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© The Author(s) 2023

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 5 — Shifts in jaw shape evolution by branch based on the variable rates model in BayesTraits (a) branches on the phylogeny indicate faster rates (warmer colours) and lower rates (colder colours) (b). Disparity through time plot for jaw shape (c). Solid white line: observed subclade disparity for the maximum credibility tree; dashed line: Brownian motion expectation; shaded area: 95% confidence interval of Brownian motion simulations. Solid red lines: observed subclade disparity for each tree from the random subsample (100 trees) and the relative node position indicated by the black dots. Representative jaws reconstructions for each order are indicated by a dashed line.