Table I. —Study characteristics.
| Study | Population | Intervention | QALY | Costs (¤) | ICER per QALY (¤) | Time horizon (weeks) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| TCR | CBCR | Difference | TCR | CBCR | Difference | |||||
| Brouwers et al.20 | CAD (N.=300) | CTR (HR monitor, telesupervision, ICT platform, 2-5 exercise/week, 20–60 min) | 0.841 | 0.844 | -0.004 | 4787 | 5507 | -720 | 0 | 36 |
| Carlson et al.21 | MI; CABG (N.=80) | Hybrid CR; 0-4weeks CBCR + 5-25 weeks HBCR (3 exercise/week, 30-40 min) | NR | NR | NR | 1549 | 2396 | -847 | NR | 24 |
| Frederix et al.22 | CAD; CHF (N.=140) | Internet-based CTR (accelerometer, telemonitoring, coaching, >2 exercise/week, 45-60 min) | 0.07 | -0.15 | 0.22 | 3262 | 4140 | -878 | -3993 | 12 |
| Frederix et al.23 | CAD; CHF (N.=126) | Comprehensive CTR (accelerometer, telemonitoring, coaching, >2 exercise/week, 45-60 min) | 0.39 | 0.36 | 0.026 | 2155 | 2720 | -565 | –21707 | 24 |
| Hwang et al.24 | CHF (N.=53) | CTR (online videoconferencing platform, telesupervision, 2 exercise/week, 60min) | 0.36 | 0.36 | 0 | 2372 | 3994 | -1622 | -4240 | 12 |
| Kidholm et al.25 | CAD; MI; CHF (N.=151) | CTR (ICT platform, digital exercise diary, one personal supervision, 2 exercise/week) |
0.089 | 0.085 | 0.004 | 5724 | 4057 | 1667 | 483608 | 12 |
| Kraal et al.26 | I-II CVR (N.=90) | HBCR (HR monitor, web application, telemonitoring, telefeedback, >2 exercise/week, 45-60 min) | 0.77 | 0.78 | 0.01 | 2855 | 2419 | -436 | NR | 12 |
| Lima et al.27 | MI; CABG (N.=49) | HBCR (HR monitor, personal diary, telesupervision, 5 exercise/week, 50-60 min) | NR | NR | NR | 61 | 138 | -77 | NR | 12 |
| Maddison et al.28 | IHD (N.=171) | mobile phone CR (web-video and text messages, >5 exercise/week, 30 min) | NR | NR | NR | NR | NR | NR | 15247 | 12 |
| Maddison et al.29 | CAD (N.=162) | real-time CTR (web platform, smartphone, HR monitor, remote monitoring and coaching) | NR | NR | -0.03 | 2894 | 5610 | -2716 | NR | 12 |
| Southard et al.30 | CAD (N.=104) | Internet-based CR (web-education modules, online chat discussions, telefeedback) | NR | NR | NR | 462 | 1446 | -990 | NR | 24 |
| Whittaker et al.31 | MI (N.=120) | HBCR (mobile phone, Wellness Diary and web portal, daily text messaging, exercise most days/week, 30 min) | NR | NR | NR | 1747 | 2290 | -543 | NR | 24 |
CAD: coronary artery disease; MI: myocardial infarction; CHF: chronic heart failure; CR: cardiac rehabilitation; CTR: cardiac telerehabilitation; HBCR: home-based cardiac telerehabilitation; HR: heart rate monitor; CBCR: center-based cardiac rehabilitation; ICT: information and communications technology; QALY: quality-adjusted life year; ICER: Incremental Cost-Effectiveness Ratio; TCR: telehealth cardiac rehabilitation.