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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2023 May 9.
Published in final edited form as: Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer. 2022 Nov 19;1878(2):188839. doi: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2022.188839

Fig. 4.

Fig. 4.

Principal Component Analysis of Angiogenesis genes. Gene expression data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) was accessed through GEPIA (http://gepia.cancer-pku.cn). Gene expression levels are the median of the cohort, and both tumor samples and matched normal samples were analyzed. (A) PC score plot for malignant versus normal samples (normal samples = red dots; malignant samples = blue dots). PC score plots for non-malignant (B–I) and malignant (B-II) samples based on embryological origin (germinal layer; (germinal layer; ectoderm = black dots, endoderm = red dots, mesoderm = green dots). Biplots with PC scores (black dots) and loadings (blue dots) for genes from non-malignant (C–I) and malignant (C-II) samples. Gene ontology enrichment analysis was performed on each gene list to verify that the gene signatures represented angiogenesis pathways (Shiny GO v0.741; bioinformatics.sdstate.edu) (D and E).