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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2023 May 9.
Published in final edited form as: Cardiol Cardiovasc Med. 2023 Mar 13;7(2):52–68. doi: 10.26502/fccm.92920309

Table 3:

Postprocedural outcomes.

All(2010–2019)n = 489 Group 1 (2010–2015)
n = 132
Group 2 (2016–2017)
n = 155
Group 3 (2018–2019)
n = 202
p value
Postprocedural outcomes
In-hospital mortality - n (%) 26 (5.3 %) 12 (9.1 %) 9 (5.8 %) 5 (2.5 %) 0.029
Myocardial infarction - n (%) 2 (0.4 %) 2 (1.5 %) 0 (0.0 %) 0 (0.0 %) 0.066
Neurological complications (all) - n (%) 11 (2.2 %) 2 (1.5 %) 3 (1.9 %) 6 (3.0 %) 0.647
- Stroke - n (%) 9 (1.8 %) 2 (1.5 %) 2 (1.3 %) 5 (2.5 %) 0.675
- TIA - n (%) 2 (0.4 %) 0 (0.0 %) 1 (0.6 %) 1 (0.5 %) 0.673
Bleeding complications (all) - n (%) 53 (10.8 %) 19 (14.4 %) 18 (11.6 %) 16 (7.9 %) 0.165
- Life-threatening bleeding - n (%) 18 (3.7 %) 5 (3.8 %) 6 (3.9 %) 7 (3.5 %) 0.977
- Major bleeding - n (%) 12 (2.5 %) 3 (2.3 %) 5 (3.2 %) 4 (2.0 %) 0.743
- Minor bleeding - n (%) 23 (4.7 %) 11 (8.3 %) 7 (4.5 %) 5 (2.5 %) 0.047
- Blood transfusion - n (%) 121 (24.7 %) 47 (35.6 %) 40 (25.8 %) 34 (16.8 %) < 0.001
- Transfusion of thrombocyte concentrates - n (%) 21 (4.3 %) 7 (5.3 %) 7 (4.5 %) 7 (3.5 %) 0.711
- Transfusion of fresh frozen plasma - n (%) 20 (4.1 %) 7 (5.3 %) 8 (5.2 %) 5 (2.5 %) 0.318
Acute Kidney Injury (AKIN) (all) - n (%) 183 (37.4 %) 71 (53.8 %) 53 (34.2 %) 59 (29.2 %) < 0.001
- AKIN I - n (%) 152 (31.1 %) 57 (43.2 %) 48 (31.0 %) 47 (23.3 %) 0.001
- AKIN II - n (%) 3 (0.6 %) 0 (0.0 %) 0 (0.0 %) 3 (1.5 %) 0.117
- AKIN III - n (%) 28 (5.7 %) 14 (10.6 %) 5 (3.2 %) 9 (4.5 %) 0.016
- Dialysis after TAVI (all) - n (%) 24 (4.9 %) 11 (8.3 %) 4 (2.6 %) 9 (4.5 %) 0.074
- Acute dialysis after TAVI - n (%) 13 (2.7 %) 6 (4.5 %) 4 (2.6 %) 3 (1.5 %) 0.235
Vascular complications (all) – n (%) 66 (13.5 %) 20 (15.2 %) 20 (12.9 %) 26 (12.9 %) 0.809
- Major vascular complication - n (%) 23 (4.7 %) 7 (5.3 %) 6 (3.9 %) 10 (5.0 %) 0.83
- Minor vascular complication - n (%) 40 (8.2 %) 12 (9.1 %) 12 (7.7 %) 16 (7.9 %) 0.903
- Percutaneous closure device failure- n (%) 4 (0.8 %) 1 (0.8 %) 2 (1.3 %) 1 (0.5 %) 0.708
Conduction disturbances andarrhythmias (all) - n (%) 242 (49.5 %) 64 (48.5 %) 77 (49.7 %) 101 (50.0 %) 0.962
- New AV block 1 - n (%) 48 (9.8 %) 11 (8.3 %) 16 (10.3 %) 21 (10.4 %) 0.799
- New AV block 2 - n (%) 7 (1.4 %) 1 (0.8 %) 2 (1.3 %) 4 (2.0 %) 0.645
- New AV block 3 - n (%) 35 (7.2 %) 5 (3.8 %) 6 (3.9 %) 24 (11.9 %) 0.003
- New LBBB - n (%) 109 (22.3 %) 24 (18.2 %) 36 (23.2 %) 49 (24.3 %) 0.403
- New RBBB - n (%) 6 (1.2 %) 2 (1.5 %) 1 (0.6 %) 3 (1.5 %) 0.728
- New LAFB - n (%) 34 (7.0 %) 17 (12.9 %) 11 (7.1 %) 6 (3.0 %) 0.002
- New onset atrial fibrillation - n (%) 24 (4.9 %) 4 (3.0 %) 7 (4.5 %) 13 (6.4 %) 0.357
- Hemodynamic relevant arrhythmia-n (%) 29 (5.9 %) 6 (4.5 %) 16 (10.3 %) 7 (3.5 %) 0.018
- New permanent pacemaker implantation - n (%) 73 (14.9 %) 10 (7.6 %) 17 (11.0 %) 46 (22.8 %) < 0.001
Valve malposition (all) - n (%) 5 (1.0 %) 0 (0.0 %) 3 (1.9 %) 2 (1.0 %) 0.267
- Valve migration - n (%) 1 (0.2 %) 0 (0.0 %) 1 (0.6 %) 0 (0.0 %) 0.34
- Valve embolization - n (%) 4 (0.8 %) 0 (0.0 %) 2 (1.3 %) 2 (1.0 %) 0.452
- Ectopic valve deployment - n (%) 0 (0.0 %) 0 (0.0 %) 0 (0.0 %) 0 (0.0 %)
Other Complications
- Ventricle injury - n (%) 6 (1.2 %) 2 (1.5 %) 2 (1.3 %) 2 (1.0 %) 0.909
- Pericardial tamponade - n (%) 8 (1.6 %) 2 (1.5 %) 4 (2.6 %) 2 (1.0 %) 0.492
- Sepsis - n (%) 5 (1.0 %) 3 (2.3 %) 1 (0.7 %) 1 (0.5 %) 0.252
- Endocarditis - n (%) 1 (0.2 %) 0 (0.0 %) 1 (0.7 %) 0 (0.0 %) 0.328
Paravalvular insufficiency - n (%) 0.401
- Grade 1 127 (26.0 %) 30 (22.7 %) 38 (24.5 %) 59 (29.2 %)
- Grade 2 23 (4.7 %) 4 (3.0 %) 7 (4.5 %) 12 (5.9 %)
- Grade 3 0 (0.0 %) 0 (0.0 %) 0 (0.0 %) 0 (0.0 %)
Hospitalization after TAVI (days)
- Mean (± SD) 11.1 (± 10.2) 11.8 (± 6.4) 11.5 (± 14.2) 10.4 (± 8.4) < 0.001
- Median (IQR) 8.0 (6.0) 9.0 (8.0) 8.0 (6.0) 8.0 (6.0)
Stay at ICU und IMC after TAVI (days)
- Mean (± SD) 4.4 (± 6.1) 4.8 (± 5.0) 4.6 (± 4.1) 2.6 (± 7.1) 0.001
- Median (IQR) 3.0 (3.0) 3.0 (5.0) 3.0 (4.0) 2.0 (2.0)

Abbreviations: AV = Atrioventricular; ICU = Intensive Care Unit; IMC = Intermediate Care Unit; IQR = Interquartile Range; LAFB = Left Anterior Fascicular Block; LBBB = Left Bundle Branch Block; RBBB = Right Bundle Branch Block; SD = Standard Deviation; TIA = Transient Ischemic Attack.