a), Reaction scheme and HPLC profile of NdmA reaction, under multiple turnover condition (trace i), a control without protein (trace ii) and the 2nd control without substrate (trace iii). b), Reaction scheme and 1H-NMR analysis of CntA reaction under single turnover condition (trace i) and a control without protein (trace ii) [methyl signals for the substrate (5) and the product (6) in 1H-NMR spectrum]. c), Reaction scheme and 1H-NMR analysis of GbcA reaction [methyl signals for the substrate (7) and the product (8) in 1H-NMR spectrum]. d), Reaction scheme and 1H-NMR analysis of IYD reaction (aromatic hydrogen signals for the substrate (9) and product (10)].