Table 3.
Factors associated with psychosocial impact categories, DC Cohort 2020–2021
| Financial/employmenta (n = 690) |
Mental healthb (n = 690) |
Decreased social connectionc (n = 690) |
Increased substance used (n = 626) |
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| aOR (95%CI) | P-value | aOR (95%CI) | P-value | aOR (95%CI) | P-value | aOR (95%CI) | P-value | |
| Age (continuous), per 10 year increase | 0.76 (0.63–0.90) | 0.0022 | 0.72 (0.58–0.89) | 0.0031 | 0.77 (0.64–0.91) | 0.0030 | 0.72 (0.56–0.92) | 0.0094 |
| Gender identity | ||||||||
| Male | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | ||||
| Female | 0.83 (0.53–1.31) | 0.4302 | 1.03 (0.61–1.74) | 0.9208 | 1.04 (0.66–1.62) | 0.8765 | 0.40 (0.19–0.83) | 0.0144 |
| Race/ethnicity | ||||||||
| Non-Hispanic White | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | ||||
| Non-Hispanic Black | 1.43 (0.88–2.33) | 0.1532 | 0.64 (0.32–1.19) | 0.1723 | 0.42 (0.25–0.70) | 0.0010 | 0.62 (0.34–1.13) | 0.1145 |
| Hispanic, any race | 1.43 0.66–3.18) | 0.3684 | 6.00 (1.12–111.33) | 0.0907 | 0.26 (0.12–0.58) | 0.0011 | 0.64 (0.23–1.67) | 0.3722 |
| Other (American Indian/Alaska native, Asian, Native Hawaiian/Pacific Islander, Bi/multiracial) | 1.11 (0.49–2.50) | 0.8083 | 0.62 (0.22–1.84) | 0.3669 | 0.25 (0.11–0.58) | 0.0011 | 0.56 (0.19–1.52) | 0.2725 |
| Education | ||||||||
| At least some high school | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | ||||
| At least some college | 0.59 (0.41–0.85) | 0.0043 | 1.82 (1.19–2.81) | 0.0061 | 1.54 (1.08–2.19) | 0.0167 | 3.31 (1.87–6.15) | < 0.0001 |
| Self-reported underlying medical conditions | ||||||||
| 0 | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | ||||
| ≥ 1 | 1.10 (0.73–1.64) | 0.6595 | 1.56 (0.96–2.52) | 0.0713 | 1.32 (0.88–1.97) | 0.1775 | 0.98 (0.58–1.67) | 0.9280 |
| Survey year | ||||||||
| 2021 | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | ||||
| 2020 | 1.34 (0.85–2.14) | 0.2141 | 1.60 (0.91–2.97) | 0.1159 | 1.84 (1.17–2.93) | 0.0095 | 1.23 (0.64–2.26) | 0.5209 |
| Length of diagnosis (per year) | 1.00 (0.98–1.02) | 0.7387 | 1.00 (0.98–1.02) | 0.9133 | 1.00 (0.98–1.02) | 0.8933 | 0.99 (0.96–1.02) | 0.4569 |
| AIDS CD4 ≥ 200 cells/ml vs. < 200 (Ref.) | 1.29 (0.50–3.26) | 0.5911 | 0.41 (0.09–1.39) | 0.1915 | 0.52 (0.21–1.25) | 0.1495 | 0.86 (0.29–2.82) | 0.7856 |
| Suppressed HIV RNA < 200 copies/ml vs > 200 (Ref.) | 0.48 (0.23–0.97) | 0.0476 | 0.80 (0.30–1.89) | 0.6308 | 1.50 (0.78–2.91) | 0.2242 | 0.48 (0.22–1.06) | 0.0616 |
| HIV mode of transmission | ||||||||
| MSM | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | ||||
| Hetero | 0.93 (0.55–1.56) | 0.7702 | 0.90 (0.49–1.67) | 0.7397 | 0.85 (0.50–1.42) | 0.5218 | 2.03 (0.94–4.33) | 0.0688 |
| IDU | 1.27 (0.58–2.83) | 0.5446 | 1.45 (0.59–3.86) | 0.4332 | 1.02 (0.47–2.22) | 0.9594 | 2.04 (0.53–6.54) | 0.2571 |
| Other | 1.60 (1.00–2.57) | 0.0493 | 1.14 (0.65–2.03) | 0.6624 | 0.92 (0.58–1.45) | 0.7150 | 0.80 (0.39–1.54) | 0.5183 |
aReported at least 1 of the following: Household income decreased, Lost health insurance, Lost housing, Negative impact on paying rent/mortgage, Negative impact on getting food
bReported at least 1 of the following: Quality of life decreased, Feeling anxious increased, Quality of sleep decreased, PHQ-2 positive (both questions answered affirmatively)
cReported at least 1 of the following: Feeling connected to family decreased, Feeling connected to friends decreased
dReported at least 1 of the following: Use of illicit drugs increased; Use of alcohol increased