Goldman 2010.

Study characteristics
Methods	Design: parallel Duration: 6 weeks Assessment: baseline and post‐intervention Country: USA
Participants	Pain condition: arm pain Population: people with persistent arm pain from repetitive use Minimum pain intensity: ≥ 3 on 0‐10 VAS Inclusion criteria Adults with persistent arm pain that had lasted for at least 3 weeks ≥ 3 on 0‐10 pain intensity VAS Exclusion criteria Physical health conditions that may affect arm pain Total participants randomised: 118 Age in years (mean): 37.5 Gender: 66/118 were female Pain duration in years (mean, SD): NR
Interventions	Placebo n = 59 Inert Identical appearance to antidepressant arm Matched dosing Amitriptyline 25 mg n = 59 TCA Fixed dose If participants complained of side effects during the study, the physician could reduce the dose by half or more
Outcomes	Pain intensity Sleep Mood AEs SAEs Withdrawal
Missing data methods	ITT with LOCF
Funding source	Non‐pharmaceutical: "This study was supported by Grants 1RO1 AT 00402‐01 and 1K24 AT 004095 from the National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine (NCCAM) at the National Institutes of Health, USA"
Conflicts of interest	"No author had or now has any financial interest in any for‐profit organisation related to the treatment of patients with repetitive strain injuries or related disabling conditions. Dr Rose Goldman sometimes serves as a paid expert witness, independent medical examiner, and/or consultant in workers' compensation and disability cases that might involve musculoskeletal problems and repetitive strain injuries."
Notes
Risk of bias
Bias	Authors' judgement	Support for judgement
Random sequence generation (selection bias)	Low risk	Participants were randomised using a permuted block randomisation design
Allocation concealment (selection bias)	Low risk	Participants were allocated using assignments sealed in sequentially numbered opaque envelopes
Blinding of participants and personnel (performance bias) All outcomes	Low risk	Double‐blind, identical study drugs and matched dosing
Blinding of outcome assessment (detection bias) All outcomes	Low risk	Self‐reported outcomes from blinded participants
Incomplete outcome data (attrition bias) All outcomes	Low risk	ITT with LOCF but low attrition Attrition Total: 12/118 (10.2%) Placebo: 4/59 (6.8%) Amitriptyline 25 mg: 8/59 (13.6%)
Selective reporting (reporting bias)	Unclear risk	No protocol or trial registration found
Other bias	Low risk	No other sources of bias were identified.