Hameroff 1984.

Study characteristics
Methods	Design: parallel Duration: 6 weeks Assessment: baseline and post‐intervention Country: USA
Participants	Pain condition: chronic cervical and/or lumbar spine pain Population: adults with chronic cervical and/or lumbar spine pain and depression Minimum pain intensity: no Inclusion criteria Patients with chronic cervical and/or lumbar spine pain and co‐existing clinical depression Pain for at least 2 months Exclusion criteria: NR Total participants randomised: 60 Age in years (mean): 48.7 Gender: 28/60 were female Pain duration in years (mean, SD): NR
Interventions	Placebo n = 30 Inert Doxepin ≤ 300 mg n = 30 TCA Flexible dose dependent upon tolerability and effficacy
Outcomes	Withdrawal
Missing data methods	NR
Funding source	NR
Conflicts of interest	NR
Notes
Risk of bias
Bias	Authors' judgement	Support for judgement
Random sequence generation (selection bias)	Unclear risk	No information, just says "patients were randomly assigned to one of two treatment groups"
Allocation concealment (selection bias)	Unclear risk	Allocation procedures not specified
Blinding of participants and personnel (performance bias) All outcomes	Unclear risk	Says double‐blind but no information regarding procedures
Blinding of outcome assessment (detection bias) All outcomes	Unclear risk	Self‐reported outcomes from participants, but unsure of blinding procedures
Incomplete outcome data (attrition bias) All outcomes	High risk	Only report completer analysis. 50% more dropout in placebo arm than intervention Attrition Total: 9/60 (15.0%) Placebo: 6/30 (20.0%) Doxepin ≤ 300 mg: 3/30 (10.0%)
Selective reporting (reporting bias)	Unclear risk	No protocol or trial registration found
Other bias	Low risk	No other sources of bias were identified