Sofat 2017.

Study characteristics
Methods	Design: parallel Duration: 12 weeks Assessment: baseline and post‐intervention Country: UK
Participants	Pain condition: hand OA Population: adults aged 40–75 with hand OA Minimum pain intensity: ≥ 5 on 0‐10 scale Inclusion criteria Aged 40‐75 Fulfilling the ACR criteria for the diagnosis of hand OA Receiving usual care for hand OA including paracetamol (acetaminophen) and/or NSAIDs Exclusion criteria History of depression and current uncontrolled depression/anxiety as scored by HADS excluded Total participants randomised: 65 Age in years (mean, SD): NR Gender: 52/65 were female Pain duration in years (mean, SD): NR
Interventions	Placebo n = 22 Inert Identical appearance and matched dosing to intervention arms Pregabalin 300 mg n = 22 Anticonvulsant Fixed dose, forced titration Duloxetine 60 mg n = 21 SNRI Fixed dose, forced titration
Outcomes	Pain intensity Physical function Mood Withdrawal
Missing data methods	ITT with LOCF
Funding source	Non‐pharmaceutical: "This work was supported by The Rosetrees’ Trust, grant number M11‐F1, by the UK National Institute of Health (NIHR) Clinical Research Network and an NIHR Clinical Academic Fellowship to MR"
Conflicts of interest	Disclosure: the authors report no conflicts of interest in this work.
Notes
Risk of bias
Bias	Authors' judgement	Support for judgement
Random sequence generation (selection bias)	Unclear risk	Randomisation methods not specified
Allocation concealment (selection bias)	Low risk	The random allocation sequence, with a block size of nine, was generated by the manufacturer and implemented through sequentially numbered containers.
Blinding of participants and personnel (performance bias) All outcomes	Low risk	Double‐blind, identical study drugs, matched dosing
Blinding of outcome assessment (detection bias) All outcomes	Low risk	Self‐reported outcomes from blinded participants
Incomplete outcome data (attrition bias) All outcomes	High risk	ITT with LOCF Attrition Total: 13/65 (20.0%) Placebo: 3/22 (13.6%) Pregabalin 300 mg: 5/22 (22.7%) Duloxetine 60 mg: 5/21 (23.8%)
Selective reporting (reporting bias)	High risk	2 protocols found registed, which have different primary outcomes. The protocol was submitted 2.5 years after recruitment started.
Other bias	Unclear risk	Small baseline difference in groups "prior analgesic use", there was slightly less paracetamol (acetaminophen) use at baseline before enrollment in the duloxetine group than in the pregabalin and placebo groups, but for other NSAIDs and opiates, analgesic use was similar in all 3 groups.