Ventafridda 1987.

Study characteristics
Methods	Design: parallel Duration: 15 days Assessment: baseline and post‐intervention Country: Italy
Participants	Pain condition: chronic pain syndromes from deafferentation and with oncological pain with deafferentation component Population: adults aged 34‐79 with cancer pain and other painful syndromes with deafferentation component Minimum pain intensity: no Inclusion criteria Chronic pain from: phantom limb, cancer, post‐herpetic neuralgia, traumatic nerve lesion, post‐radiation nerve lesion Pain lasting at least 6 months Exclusion criteria Glaucoma, myasthenia, hypertrophic prostate, serious cardiopathia and stomach ulcer Total participants randomised: 45 Age in years (range) 34‐79 Gender: NR Pain duration in years (mean, SD): NR
Interventions	Amitriptyline 75 mg n = 22 TCA Fixed dose, forced titration over 3 days Trazodone 225 mg n = 23 SARI Fixed dose, forced titration over 3 days Identical appearance to amitriptyline
Outcomes	Withdrawal
Missing data methods	Completer‐only analysis
Funding source	NR
Conflicts of interest	NR
Notes
Risk of bias
Bias	Authors' judgement	Support for judgement
Random sequence generation (selection bias)	Unclear risk	Randomisation methods NR
Allocation concealment (selection bias)	Unclear risk	Allocation procedures NR
Blinding of participants and personnel (performance bias) All outcomes	Low risk	Double‐blind, identical appearance of study drugs
Blinding of outcome assessment (detection bias) All outcomes	Low risk	Self‐reported outcomes from blinded participants
Incomplete outcome data (attrition bias) All outcomes	High risk	Completer analysis with ~30% dropout Attrition Total: 14/45 (31.1%) Amitriptyline 75 mg: 4/22 (18.2%) Trazodone 225 mg: 10/23 (43.5%)
Selective reporting (reporting bias)	Unclear risk	No protocol or trial registration found
Other bias	Unclear risk	Unclear ‐ data other than withdrawal not presented in any useable way, no tables only figures