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. 2023 Jan 21;39(5):731–744. doi: 10.1007/s12264-022-01012-7

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© The Author(s) 2023

Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 3 — ACh suppresses polysynaptic currents of evoked reverberation as well as monosynaptic EPSCs but not IPSCs. A Total charge of the first polysynaptic current (PSC) group decreases after applying 1 μmol/L ACh onto a network; the black horizontal bar indicates the period of ACh application. Inset showing three example traces (1 from “Before”, 2 from “ACh”, and 3 from “Wash”), scale bars, 0.5 nA, 10 ms. B Summary of significant ACh-induced decrease in charge of the first PSC group (from 36.98 ± 3.52 pC to 16.30 ± 2.45 pC, P <0.001, n = 25, paired t-test). C ACh at various doses significantly suppresses EPSC amplitude (normalized to the value before ACh application. 1 μmol/L: 0.46 ± 0.09, P <0.01, n = 6; 5 μmol/L: 0.51 ± 0.11, P <0.01, n = 9; 20 μmol/L: 0.63 ± 0.07, P <0.01, n = 10; paired t-test, ACh vs before). Insets are 20 example traces of EPSCs (light gray) and the average trace (black) from before and in the presence of 20 μmol/L ACh (red), respectively. Scale bars, 0.1 nA, 5 ms. D As in (C) except for IPSC amplitude (1 μmol/L: 1.00 ± 0.02, P = 0.92, n = 7; 5 μmol/L: 0.93 ± 0.04, P = 0.15, n = 8; 20 μmol/L: 0.95 ± 0.04, P = 0.28, n = 9; paired t-test, ACh vs before). Scale bars, 0.2 nA, 10 ms.