Table 1.
Descriptive data (mean ± one standard deviation, and 95% confidence intervals – 95CI) for all the variables assessed for males, females, and both sexes plotted together.
| Mean ± 1 SD (95CI) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Males | Females | Overall | |
| FSA [m2] | 0.1235 ± 0.016 (0.1113 to 0.1358) |
0.1020 ± 0.004 (0.0988 to 0.1052) |
0.1128 ± 0.016 (0.1049 to 0.1206) |
| v [m•s-1] | 1.64 ± 0.08 (1.58 to 1.70) |
1.43 ± 0.08 (1.37 to 1.49) |
1.54 ± 0.13 (1.47 to 1.60) |
| Da [N] | 68.30 ± 13.44 (53.68 to 81.19) |
57.31 ± 5.13 (56.07 to 65.17) |
62.81 ± 11.37 (57.36 to 70.69) |
| CDa_VPM | 0.41 ± 0.14 | 0.59 ± 0.09 | 0.50 ± 0.14 |
| [dimensionless] | (0.31 to 0.52) | (0.52 to 0.66) | (0.43 to 0.57) |
| Fmean_dominant [N] | 39.28 ± 8.07 (33.07 to 45.48) |
30.64 ± 3.30 (28.10 to 33.18) |
34.96 ± 7.45 (31.25 to 38.67) |
| Fmean_non-dominant [N] | 36.96 ± 6.72 (31.80 to 42.13) |
30.73 ± 3.86 (27.77 to 33.70) |
33.85 ± 6.21 (30.76 to 36.93) |
| Ftotal_stroke cycle [N] | 76.24 ± 13.63 (65.76 to 86.72) |
61.37 ± 4.13 (58.20 to 64.55) |
68.81 ± 12.41 (62.64 to 74.98) |
| CDa_pressure sensors [dimensionless] | 0.47 ± 0.11 (0.38 to 0.55) |
0.59 ± 0.07 (0.54 to 0.65) |
0.53 ± 0.11 (0.47 to 0.59) |
FSA – frontal surface area; v – swimming velocity; Da – active drag; CDa_VPM – active drag coefficient based on the velocity perturbation method; Fmean_dominant – mean propulsion of the dominant upper-limb; Fmean_non-dominant – mean propulsion of the non-dominant upper-limb; Ftotal_stroke cycle – total propulsion of the full stroke cycle; CDa_pressure sensors – active drag coefficient based on the pressure sensors.