TABLE 3.

ChatGPT panel response

Prompt: How can I perform an external dacryocystorhinostomy?

ChatGPT’s response: External dacryocystorhinostomy (DCR) is a surgical procedure used to treat a blocked tear duct by creating a new drainage channel between the tear sac and the nasal cavity. Here are the general steps for performing an external DCR

1. Anesthesia: The patient is given general anesthesia, or local anesthesia with sedation.

2. Incision: An incision is made on the side of the nose where the tear duct is blocked. The incision is typically made in the skin crease between the nose and the lower eyelid.

3. Access to the nasal bone: The surgeon will remove the skin and soft tissue to expose the nasal bone.

4. Bone removal: The surgeon will then use a small drill or burr to remove a small portion of the nasal bone, creating a small opening to access the nasal cavity.

5. Nasal mucosa flap: A flap of nasal mucosa (the lining of the nose) is then created and carefully lifted away from the underlying bone.

6. Access to tear sac: The surgeon will locate the tear sac, which is a small, round sac that collects tears from the eye.

7. Creation of a new tear drainage channel: A small opening is created in the tear sac and a new channel is created between the tear sac and the nasal cavity.

8. Placement of stent: A silicone stent or tube is placed in the new channel to help it stay open and promote proper drainage of tears. The stent is typically left in place for several weeks.

9. Closure: The incision is then closed with sutures, and a nasal packing may be placed to control bleeding.

Postoperative care typically involves regular nasal rinses and antibiotic ointment or drops to prevent infection. Most patients can return to normal activities within a week or two after the surgery. However, full recovery may take several weeks to several months, depending on the individual case.