Table 1.

Areas Treated with Transcranial Photobiomodulation Using LED Devices

tPBM treatment protocol used during each treatment session
Treated areas	LED device parameters
1. Frontal pole 2. Prefrontal cortex 3. Left inferior frontal gyrus (Broca's area) 4. Left supramarginal gyrus 5. Left angular gyrus 6. Inferior motor/sensory cortex (mouth area) 7. Left posterior superior temporal gyrus (Wernicke's area) 8. Superior temporal sulcus	1. An LED cluster head was applied for 60 sec at each of the treated areas for a total of 8 min. Wavelength: 2 red (630 and 660 nm) and 1 near-infrared (850 nm) lights Irradiance: 200 mW/cm2 Exposure time: 60 sec at each of the eight target areas for a total of 480 sec (8 min)
9. Both hemispheres	2. An LED PBM helmet was administered for 20 min, while speech-language therapy was provided. Wavelength: 256 individual LED lights delivering near infrared (810 nm) Power: 60 mW per LED light, for a total power of 15 W Irradiance: 24 mW/cm2 Exposure time: 1200 sec (20 min) Energy: 72 Joules Fluence: 28.8 J/cm2 0.024 J/cm2 for 1 sec = 28.8 for 1200 sec

LED, light-emitting diode; PBM, photobiomodulation; tPBM, transcranial PBM.