Table 2. Cases of awake craniotomy and intraoperative instrument playing: demographic, clinical, and operative characteristics.

Study	Case no.	Age (yr)	Gender	Handed	Type of tumor and location	Musical skills level	Preoperative musical assessment	Music assessment during intraoperative mapping	Location	Music disruption	Type of resection	Postoperative musical assessment
Scerrati et al. [10]	1	52	F	R	GBM/right post-rolandic parietal	Amateur	Self-assessment	Clarinet playing	Postcentral gyrus: sensistive	No	GTR	Resumed clarinet playing
Piai et al. [15]	2	35–40	NS	L	LGG/left SMA	Professional	Trained musician assessed performance	Violin playing*	Left SMA	No	NTR	Played with philharmonic orchestra 6 weeks postoperation
Leonard et al. [19]	3	27	M	R	LGG/left Insula	Professional	Self-assessment	Guitar playing	Left IFG	Music arrest	NS	NS
Our case	4	34	M	R	HGG/left anterior STG, MTG, insula	Professional	Self-assessment	Singing, guitar playing	Left central sulcus	No	NTR	Improved guitar playing/singing compared to pre-op with a return to professional activity

^*Seizure arrested intraoperative assessment. GBM, glioblastoma multiforme; GTR, gross total resection; LGG, low grade glioma; SMA, supplementary motor area; NTR, near total resection; IFG, inferior frontal gyrus; NS, non-specified; HGG, high grade glioma; STG, superior temporal gyrus; MTG, middle temporal gyrus