Table 1.
Characteristics of studies included in quantitative synthesis
| Authors | Intervention name | Intervention type* | Control group | Timing (T1, T2, T3, T4)** | Nb. of participants at T0 (IG/CG)i | Type of delivery | In-class | Online | One-on-one | Additional material | Homework | Country | Mean age | Share female participants (%) | Outcome domains |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Aikens et al. (2014) | Dow Mindful Resilience Program | other mindfulness-based program (mb) | wait-list | 7 | 44/45 | digital | Yes | Yes | No | Yes | Yes | USA | na | na | Subj. physical health, Stress, Subj. mental health, Mindfulness, Resilience |
| Alexander et al. (2015) | Yoga intervention | movement-oriented program (mi) | passive | 8 | 20/20 | analogue | Yes | No | No | Yes | Yes | USA | 46.38 | 97.5 | Mindfulness, Burnout |
| Allexandre et al. (2016)—1 | Mindfulness stress management program “Stress Free Now” | other mindfulness-based program (mb) | wait-list | 8, 8 | 54/12.3 | digital | No | Yes | No | Yes | Encouraged | USA | 40.00 | 83.2 | Subj. physical health, Stress, Subj. mental health, Mindfulness, Burnout, Productivity |
| Allexandre et al. (2016) – 2 | Mindfulness stress management program "Stress Free Now" + group support | other mindfulness-based program (mb) | wait-list | 8, 8 | 37/12.3 | digital | no | yes | no | yes | encouraged | USA | 40.00 | 83.2 | Subj. physical health, Stress, Subj. mental health, Mindfulness, Burnout, Productivity |
| Allexandre et al. (2016)—3 | Mindfulness stress management program “Stress Free Now” + group support + clinical expert | other mindfulness-based program (mb) | wait-list | 8, 8 | 33/12.3 | digital | No | Yes | No | Yes | Encouraged | USA | 40.00 | 83.2 | Subj. physical health, Stress, Subj. mental health, Mindfulness, Burnout, Productivity |
| Amutio et al. (2015a, b) | MBSR | MBSR (mb) | wait-list | 8 | 21/21 | analogue | Yes | No | No | Yes | Yes | Spain | 47.31 | 57.1 | Mindfulness, Relaxation |
| Arredondo et al. (2017) | M-PBI: a mindfulness program with brief integrated practices | other mindfulness-based program (mb) | wait-list | 8, 12 | 21/19 | analogue | Yes | No | No | No | Yes | Spain | 36.60 | 77.5 | Stress, Mindfulness, Burnout, Self-compassion |
| Baby et al. (2019) | Mindfulness program | other mindfulness-based program (mb) | active | 4, 12, 24 | 63/64 | analogue | Yes | No | No | Yes | No | New Zealand | na | 78.0 | Stress |
| Baccarani et al. (2013) | Zen meditation course | meditation (mb) | wait-list | 4 | 10/10 | analogue | Yes | No | No | No | Yes | Italy | na | 75.0 | Subj. physical health, Subj. mental health, Anxiety, Depression |
| Bartlett et al. (2017) | Mindfulness at Work Program (MaWP) | other mindfulness-based program (mb) | active | 6 | 20/100 | analogue | Yes | No | No | No | Yes | Tasmania/Australia | na | 82.5 | Stress, Mindfulness, Productivity, Sleep, Job satisfaction, Life satisfaction, Absenteeism |
| Bhandari et al. (2010) | Yoga Intervention | movement-oriented program (mi) | passive | 4 | 50/50 | analogue | Yes | No | No | No | No | India | 51.00 | 50.0 | Stress |
| Bhandari (2017) | Integrated Yogic Intervention | movement-oriented program (mi) | passive | 6.4 | 81/79 | analogue | Yes | No | No | No | Encouraged | India | 30.78 | 20.0 | Stress |
| Bostock et al. (2019) | Headspace app | meditation (mb) | wait-list | 10 | 128/110 | digital | No | Yes | No | No | No | UK | 35.50 | 59.2 | Anxiety, Depression, BP, Affect, Well-being |
| Brinkborg et al. (2011) | Brief stress management intervention based on ACT | ACT-based program (mi) | wait-list | 12 | 70/36 | analogue | Yes | No | No | No | Yes | Sweden | 44.00 | 89.0 | Subj. physical health, Stress, Burnout, Psychological inflexibility, Self-efficacy |
| Calder Calisi (2017) | Relaxation response (RR) technique | breathing program (mi) | wait-list | 8 | 24/22 | analogue | Yes | No | No | No | Yes | USA | na | 100.0 | Stress, Anxiety, Depression, Well-being |
| Cheema et al. (2013) | Hatha yoga program | movement-oriented program (mi) | passive | 10 | 18/19 | analogue | Yes | No | No | No | No | Australia | 38.00 | 81.1 | Subj. physical health, Subj. mental health, Anxiety, Job satisfaction, HR, HRV |
| Chin et al. (2019); Slutsky et al. (2019) | Mindfulness training | other mindfulness-based program (mb) | active | 8 | 31/29 | analogue | Yes | No | Yes | Yes | No | USA | 30.52 | 66.7 | Stress, Job satisfaction, Affect |
| Christopher et al. (2018) | Mindfulness-Based Resilience Training (MBRT) | MBSR modified (mb) | wait-list | 8, 12 | 31/30 | analogue | Yes | No | No | Yes | Encouraged | USA | 43.99 | 11.5 | Stress, Subj. mental health, Mindfulness, Resilience, Burnout, Self-compassion, Anxiety, Depression, Psychological inflexibility |
| Coelhoso et al. (2019) | Mobile app based on relaxation training, breathing techniques, guided meditation, and positive psychology principles for women’s mental health | multimodal program (mi) | active | 8 | 250/240 | digital | No | Yes | No | Yes | na | Brazil | 34.60 | 100.0 | Stress, Job satisfaction, Well-being |
| Cook et al. (2017) | ACHIEVER Resilience Curriculum (ARC) | multimodal program (mi) | active | 6 | 22/22 | digital | Yes | Yes | No | Yes | Encouraged | USA | na | na | Stress, Job satisfaction, Self-efficacy |
| Crain et al. (2017) | Workplace mindfulness training (WMT) | other mindfulness-based program (mb) | wait-list | 8, 12 | 54/59 | analogue | Yes | No | No | No | Yes | Canada/USA | 46.90 | 89.0 | Mindfulness, Sleep, Job satisfaction, Life satisfaction, Affect |
| Dahl (2019); Dahl and Dlugosch (2020) | Better Life!-Seminar | multimodal program (mi) | wait-list | 6, 6 | 41/43 | analogue | Yes | No | No | No | No | Germany | na | 90.5 | Stress, Mindfulness, Burnout |
| Duchemin et al. (2015); Steinberg et al. (2016) | Mindfulness-based intervention with yoga, music, meditation, mindfulness | multimodal program (mi) | wait-list | 8 | 16/16 | analogue | Yes | No | No | No | Yes | USA | 44.20 | 87.5 | Life satisfaction, Absenteeism |
| Dwivedi et al. (2015); Dwivedi et al. (2016) | Yoga module | movement-oriented program (mi) | active | 10 | 80/80 | analogue | Yes | No | No | No | No | India | 27.75 | 45.0 | Affect |
| Elder et al. (2014) | Transcendental Meditation program | meditation (mb) | wait-list | 16 | 20/20 | analogue | Yes | No | Yes | No | Yes | USA | 36.14 | 52.0 | Stress, Burnout, Depression |
| Fang and Li (2015) | Yoga | movement-oriented program (mi) | passive | 26 | 61/59 | analogue | Yes | No | No | No | No | China | 35.59 | 100.0 | Sleep |
| Flaxman and Bond (2010) | Worksite stress management training based on ACT | ACT-based program (mi) | wait-list | 26 | 177/134 | analogue | Yes | No | No | No | No | UK | 41.00 | na | Subj. physical health |
| Flook et al. (2013) | Modified MBSR—adapted specifically for teachers | MBSR modified (mb) | wait-list | 11 | 10/8 | analogue | Yes | No | No | No | Yes | USA | 43.06 | 88.9 | Subj. physical health, Mindfulness, Burnout, Self-compassion, Affect |
| Franco et al. (2010) | Flow Meditation Program | meditation (mb) | active | 10, 16 | 34/34 | analogue | Yes | No | No | No | Yes | Spain | 40.20 | 57.4 | Stress, Subj. mental health, Anxiety, Depression, Pain |
| Grégoire and Lachance (2015) | Brief Mindfulness-Based Intervention (MBI) | other mindfulness-based program (mb) | wait-list | 5 | 26/15 | analogue | Yes | No | No | Yes | Encouraged | Canada | 36.10 | 58.5 | Stress, Mindfulness, Burnout, Affect, Well-being |
| Grégoire et al. (2015) | Brief Mindfulness-Based Intervention (MBI) | other mindfulness-based program (mb) | wait-list | 5 | 24/25 | analogue | Yes | No | No | Yes | Encouraged | Canada | 35.80 | 91.0 | Stress, Mindfulness, Affect |
| Hartfiel et al. (2011) | DruYoga intervention | movement-oriented program (mi) | wait-list | 6 | 24/24 | analogue | Yes | Yes | No | No | Encouraged | UK | 39.30 | 90.0 | Self-efficacy |
| Hartfiel et al. (2012) | DruYoga intervention | movement-oriented program (mi) | wait-list | 8 | 37/37 | analogue | Yes | Yes | No | No | Yes | UK | 44.80 | 90.0 | Stress, Affect, Pain |
| Hartfiel et al. (2017) | DruYoga intervention | movement-oriented program (mi) | active | 8, 16 | 76/75 | analogue | Yes | Yes | No | No | Yes | UK | 43.86 | 93.0 | Subj. physical health, Pain |
| Huang et al. (2015) | Shorter Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) | MBSR modified (mb) | wait-list | 8, 4, 8 | 72/72 | analogue | Yes | Yes | No | No | Yes | Taiwan/China | 42.55 | 41.0 | Subj. physical health, Stress |
| Hülsheger et al. (2013) | Self-training intervention that builds upon MBCT and MBSR | MBSR modified (mb) | active | 2 | 102/101 | analogue | No | No | No | Yes | No | Germany | 38.60 | 71.9 | Mindfulness, Burnout, Job satisfaction |
| Hülsheger et al. (2015) | Self-training intervention that builds upon MBCT and MBSR | MBSR modified (mb) | wait-list | 2 | 75/73 | analogue | No | No | No | Yes | No | Germany | 37.00 | 69.3 | Mindfulness, Relaxation, Sleep |
| Ireland et al. (2017) | Mindfulness training program | other mindfulness-based program (mb) | active | 10 | 23/21 | analogue | Yes | No | No | No | Encouraged | Australia | 26.88 | 64.0 | Stress, Burnout |
| Jennings et al. (2017) | Cultivating Awareness and Resilience in Education (CARE for Teachers) | multimodal program (mi) | wait-list | 12 | 118/106 | analogue | Yes | No | No | Yes | Yes | USA | 41.50 | 93.0 | Subj. physical health, Stress, Mindfulness, |
| Klatt et al. (2009) | Low-dose work-site MBSR intervention (MBSR-ld) | MBSR modified (mb) | wait-list | 6 | 24/24 | analogue | Yes | No | No | Yes | Yes | USA | 44.96 | 75.0 | Stress, Mindfulness, Sleep |
| Klatt et al. (2017) | Mindfulness in Motion (MIM) | multimodal program (mi) | wait-list | 8 | 41/40 | analogue | Yes | No | No | No | Yes | Denmark | 42.91 | 68.5 | Stress, Sleep, Work-engagement |
| Krick and Felfe (2020) | Mindfulness and resource-based worksite training | multimodal program (mi) | passive | 6 | 126/141 | analogue | Yes | No | No | No | Yes | Germany | 25.96 | 21.3 | Subj. physical health, Mindfulness, Affect, HR, HRV |
| Lacerda et al. (2018) | PROGRESS mindfulness program | other mindfulness-based program (mb) | wait-list | 8 | 39/38 | analogue | Yes | No | No | No | No | Brazil | 36.60 | 54.5 | Stress, Subj. mental health, Mindfulness, Anxiety, Depression |
| Lebares et al. (2019) | Modified Mindfulness-based Stress Reduction (modMBSR) | MBSR modified (mb) | active | 14, 38 | 12/9 | analogue | Yes | No | No | No | Yes | USA | 28.31 | 38.1 | Subj. physical health, Stress, Mindfulness, Resilience, Burnout |
| Lemaire et al. (2011) | Biofeedback-based stress management tool | multimodal program (mi) | wait-list | 4 | 21/19 | analogue | No | No | Yes | Yes | No | Canada | 46.23 | 42.5 | Stress, BP, HR |
| Lilly et al. (2019) | Online mindfulness-based intervention | other mindfulness-based program (mb) | wait-list | 7, 12 | 163/160 | digital | No | Yes | No | Yes | Yes | Canada/USA | na | 81.9 | Stress, Mindfulness |
| S.-L. Lin et al. (2015) | Yoga program | movement-oriented program (mi) | active | 12 | 30/30 | analogue | Yes | No | No | No | No | Taiwan/China | 30.92 | 80.0 | Stress |
| L. Lin et al. (2019) | Modified MBSR program | MBSR modified (mb) | wait-list | 8, 12 | 55/55 | analogue | Yes | No | No | Yes | Yes | China | 31.53 | 93.3 | Stress, Resilience, Job satisfaction, Affect |
| Ludwigs et al. (2019) | Trivago flowlab | multimodal program (mi) | passive | 7 | 130/123 | analogue | Yes | No | No | Yes | Encouraged | Germany | na | na | Mindfulness, Productivity, Sleep, Job satisfaction, Life satisfaction, Work engagement |
| Mackenzie et al. (2006) | Shortened MBSR program | MBSR modified (mb) | wait-list | 4 | 16/14 | analogue | Yes | No | No | No | Yes | Canada | 46.57 | 96.7 | Burnout, Relaxation, Job satisfaction, Life satisfaction |
| Maddux et al. (2018) | Power yoga intervention | movement-oriented program (mi) | wait-list | 8 | 45/45 | analogue | Yes | No | No | No | No | Sweden | 46.00 | 82.5 | Subj. physical health, Stress, Mindfulness, Anxiety, Depression, Sleep, Life satisfaction, Psychological inflexibility |
| Manotas et al. (2014) | Mindfulness intervention | other mindfulness-based program (mb) | wait-list | 4 | 66/65 | analogue | Yes | No | No | No | Yes | Colombia | 39.05 | 90.3 | Stress, Subj. mental health, Mindfulness, Anxiety, Depression, Pain |
| Masih et al. (2020) | RELAX: Progressive muscle relaxation and mindfulness meditation | multimodal Program (mi) | wait-list | 8 | 19/17 | analogue | Yes | No | No | No | Yes | Australia | 36.17 | 66.7 | Stress, Mindfulness, Anxiety |
| McConachie et al. (2014) | Acceptance and Mindfulness Workshop | ACT-based program (mi) | wait-list | 6, 6 | 66/54 | analogue | Yes | No | No | No | Yes | UK/Scotland | 43.00 | 74.2 | Subj. physical health, Stress, Well-being, Psychological inflexibility |
| Michel et al. (2014); Rexroth et al. (2017) | Mindfulness as a cognitive–emotional segmentation strategy | multimodal program (mi) | wait-list | 3, 2 | 208/204 | digital | No | Yes | No | Yes | Yes | Germany | 41.41 | 71.1 | Mindfulness, Burnout, Relaxation, Job satisfaction, Life satisfaction, Affect, Self-efficacy |
| Mino et al. (2006) | Stress-management program based on the cognitive behavioral approach | other mindfulness-based program (mb) | passive | 12 | 28/30 | analogue | Yes | No | No | Yes | Encouraged | Japan | 38.00 | 0.0 | Subj. physical health, Stress, Depression, Job satisfaction |
| Mistretta et al. (2018) | Mindfulness-based resilience training (MBRT) program | MBSR modified (mb) | active | 6, 12 | 22/15 | analogue | Yes | No | No | No | Yes | USA | 47.35 | 91.9 | Stress, Burnout, Self-compassion, Anxiety, Depression, Well-being |
| Molek-Winiarska and Żołnierczyk-Zreda (2018) | MBSR | MBSR (mb) | passive | 36 | 32/34 | analogue | Yes | No | No | No | Yes | Poland | 40.41 | 0.0 | Subj. physical health, Anxiety, Depression |
| Möltner et al. (2018) | App-based mindfulness-training “7mind” | meditation (mb) | wait-list | 2 | 146/160 | digital | No | Yes | No | No | Yes | Germany | 42.86 | 69.0 | Mindfulness, Burnout, Job satisfaction, Self-efficacy, Work engagement |
| Nübold et al. (2019) | App-based mindfulness training “Headspace” | meditation (mb) | wait-list | 4 | 93/80 | digital | No | Yes | No | No | No | International | 41.24 | 40.1 | Mindfulness |
| O’Brien et al. (2019) | Acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) | ACT-based program (mi) | wait-list | 5 | 37/34 | analogue | Yes | No | No | No | No | USA | 37.91 | 86.0 | Subj. mental health, Absenteeism, Pain |
| Pandya (2019) | Smartphone meditation app (M-App) | meditation (mb) | active | 52 | 48/48 | digital | No | Yes | No | No | No | India, Thailand, South Africa, Kenya | 42.69 | 38.5 | Resilience, Burnout |
| Pang and Ruch (2019)—1 | MBSR | MBSR (mb) | wait-list | 9, 3, 11, 23 | 21/10.5 | analogue | Yes | No | No | No | Encouraged | Switzerland | 44.20 | 68.3 | Stress, Job satisfaction, Well-being |
| Pang and Ruch (2019)—2 | Mindfulness-Based Strengths Practice (MBSP) | multimodal program (mi) | wait-list | 9, 3, 11, 23 | 21/10.5 | analogue | Yes | No | No | No | Encouraged | Switzerland | 44.20 | 68.3 | Stress, Job satisfaction, Well-being |
| Pipe et al. (2009) | Brief mindfulness meditation course (MMC) | MBSR modified (mb) | active | 4 | 17/17 | analogue | Yes | No | No | No | Yes | USA | 49.80 | 96.9 | Subj. physical health, Stress, Subj. mental health, Anxiety, Depression, Self-efficacy, Pain |
| Querstret et al. (2017) | Internet-based instructor-led mindfulness intervention | MBSR modified (mb) | wait-list | 7, 12, 24 | 60/58 | digital | No | Yes | No | Yes | Yes | UK | 40.68 | 80.5 | Mindfulness, Sleep |
| Rao et al. (2017) | Mind Sound Resonance Technique (Yogic relaxation) | multimodal program (mi) | passive | 4 | 30/30 | analogue | Yes | No | No | No | No | India | 41.50 | 100.0 | Subj. physical health, Stress, Anxiety, Sleep, Self-efficacy |
| Riley et al. (2017) | Yoga-based stress management | movement-oriented program (mi) | active | 8, 8, 24 | 19/19 | analogue | Yes | No | No | No | No | USA | 44.60 | 84.2 | Subj. physical health, Stress, Subj. mental health, Burnout, Relaxation, Anxiety, Depression, Sleep, BP, HR |
| Roeser et al. (2013) | Mindfulness training | multimodal program (mi) | wait-list | 8, 12 | 60/59 | analogue | Yes | No | No | No | Yes | Canada/USA | 46.90 | 89.0 | Stress, Mindfulness, Burnout, Self-compassion, BP, HR |
| Sakuma et al. (2012) | Brief, simple, home-based yoga program | movement-oriented program (mi) | passive | 2, 2 | 67/31 | analogue | No | No | No | Yes | Encouraged | Japan | 33.61 | 100.0 | Pain |
| Schroeder et al. (2018) | Mindful Medicine Curriculum (MMC) | MBSR modified (mb) | wait-list | 1, 12 | 16/17 | analogue | Yes | No | No | No | Encouraged | USA | 42.76 | 73.0 | Stress, Mindfulness, Resilience, Burnout |
| Shonin et al. (2014) | Meditation Awareness Training (MAT) | meditation (mb) | active | 8, 12 | 76/76 | analogue | Yes | No | Yes | No | Encouraged | UK | 40.03 | 56.9 | Stress, Depression, Job satisfaction |
| Singh et al. (2016) | Integrated mindfulness-based training with positive behavoir support | multimodal program (mi) | active | 40 | 39/38 | analogue | Yes | No | No | No | Yes | USA | 44.05 | 68.0 | Stress |
| Singh et al. (2020) | Integrated mindfulness-based training with positive behavoir support | multimodal program (mi) | active | 40 | 60/63 | analogue | Yes | No | No | No | Yes | USA | 43.43 | 70.7 | Stress, Burnout |
| Smith et al. (2020) | Wearable-based stress management intervention | other mindfulness-based program (mb) | wait-list | 4 | 107/108 | digital | No | Yes | No | No | Encouraged | USA | 33.20 | 55.0 | Stress |
| Sood et al. (2011) | Stress Management and Resiliency Training (SMART) | multimodal program (mi) | wait-list | 8 | 20/20 | analogue | No | No | Yes | No | Yes | USA | 48.50 | 47.5 | Stress, Resilience, Anxiety, Life satisfaction |
| Sood et al. (2014) | Stress Management and Resiliency Training (SMART) | multimodal program (mi) | wait-list | 12 | 13/13 | analogue | Yes | No | Yes | No | Yes | USA | 47.75 | 42.3 | Stress, Mindfulness, Resilience, Anxiety, Life satisfaction |
| Sutarto et al. (2012) | Resonant Breathing Biofeedback Training | breathing program (mi) | active | 5 | 20/20 | analogue | Yes | No | No | No | Yes | Malaysia | 36.30 | 100.0 | Stress, Anxiety, Depression, HRV |
| Tahamsebi et al. (2018) | Mindfulness Training | multimodal program (mi) | passive | 7 | 15/15 | analogue | Yes | No | No | No | No | Iran | 38.00 | 100.0 | Depression, Job satisfaction, Life satisfaction, Affect |
| Taylor et al. (2016) | Stress Management and Relaxation Training (SMART) | multimodal program (mi) | wait-list | 9, 16 | 26/30 | analogue | Yes | No | No | No | Encouraged | Canada | 47.00 | 89.8 | Stress |
| Telles et al. (2012)—1 | Brief yoga intervention | movement-oriented program (mi) | active | 0.1 | 70/10 | analogue | Yes | No | No | No | No | India | 30.30 | 0.0 | Anxiety |
| Telles et al. (2012)—2 | Breath awareness | meditation (mb) | active | 0.1 | 70/10 | analogue | Yes | No | No | No | No | India | 30.30 | 0.0 | Anxiety |
| Valley & Stallones (2017) | MBSR | MBSR (mb) | wait-list | 8 | 11/12 | analogue | Yes | No | No | No | Yes | USA | na | 91.0 | Mindfulness |
| Van Berkel et al. (2014); Van Dongen et al. (2016) | Mindful Vitality In Practice (VIP) intervention | multimodal program (mi) | active | 26, 26 | 129/128 | analogue | Yes | No | Yes | Yes | Yes | Netherlands | 45.55 | 67.4 | Subj. mental health, Mindfulness, Relaxation, Work engagement |
| Versluis et al. (2018) | Smartphone application MovisensXS with emotion registration and mindfulness program | multimodal program (mi) | wait-list | 4 | 41/38 | digital | No | Yes | No | No | Yes | Netherlands | 43.23 | 71.0 | Subj. physical health, Stress, Mindfulness, Anxiety, Affect, HR, HRV |
| Watanabe et al. (2019) | Brief mindfulness-based stress management program | MBSR modified (mb) | active | 13, 13, 39 | 40/40 | analogue | No | No | Yes | No | Encouraged | Japan | 30.10 | 100.0 | Subj. physical health, Burnout, Productivity, Anxiety, Depression, Sleep |
| Wolever et al. (2012)—1 | Viniyoga Stress Reduction Program | movement-oriented program (mi) | active | 14 | 90/17.7 | analogue | Yes | No | No | No | Encouraged | USA | 42.01 | 76.3 | Stress, Mindfulness, Depression, Sleep, Job satisfaction, BP, HRV, Pain |
| Wolever et al. (2012)—2 | Mindfulness at Work: online | other mindfulness-based program (mb) | active | 14 | 52/17.7 | digital | Yes | Yes | No | No | Encouraged | USA | 43.49 | 79.0 | Stress, Mindfulness, Depression, Sleep, Job satisfaction, BP, HRV, Pain |
| Wolever et al. (2012)—3 | Mindfulness at Work: in-class | other mindfulness-based program (mb) | active | 14 | 44/17.7 | analogue | Yes | No | No | No | Encouraged | USA | 43.43 | 79.5 | Stress, Mindfulness, Depression, Sleep, Job satisfaction, BP, HRV, Pain |
| Yang et al. (2018) | Modified MBSR program | MBSR modified (mb) | active | 8 | 50/50 | analogue | Yes | No | No | No | Encouraged | China | 29.50 | 68.0 | Subj. physical health, Stress, Subj. mental health, Anxiety, Depression |
| Żołnierczyk-Zreda et al. (2016) | MBSR | MBSR (mb) | wait-list | 12 | 78/78 | analogue | Yes | No | Yes | No | Yes | Poland | 39.40 | 49.0 | Subj. physical health, Stress, Absenteeism, Affect, Self-efficacy |
*mb: mindfulness-based intervention; mi: mindfulness-informed intervention; **T1: timing of post-intervention data collection in weeks (approximate length of intervention); T2–T4: post-intervention data collection in weeks since T1