Table 1. Clinical symptoms and signs of cardiac amyloidosis.

Signs and symptoms
Cardiac
	Clinical symptoms	Heart failure, intolerance to beta blockers or ACE inhibitors, hypotension or normotensive if previously hypertensive
	ECG	Pseudo-infarct pattern, low QRS voltage to degree of LV thickness, AV conduction disease
	Echocardiography	Myocardial walls-granular sparkling, increased thickness of RV wall, increased valve thickness, pericardial effusion, decreased longitudinal strain, and apical sparing pattern
	CMR	Subendocardial /transmural LGE, increase in native T1 value and ECV in extracellular volume
	Blood test	Disproportionately elevated NT-proBNP, sustainably elevated troponin
Extracardiac
	Peripheral neuropathy
	Autonomic neuropathy
	AL	Proteinuria, renal failure, bruises/periorbital purpura, macroglossia, MGUS
	ATTR	Lumbar spinal stenosis, family history of ATTR, vitreous deposit, biceps tendon rupture, bilateral carpal tunnel syndrome

ACE = angiotensin converting enzyme; ECG = electrocardiogram; LV = left ventricle; AV = atrioventricular; RV = right ventricle; CMR = cardiac magnetic resonance; LGE = late gadolinium enhancement; ECV = extracelluar volume; NT-proBNP = N-terminal pro b type natriuretic peptide; AL = light-chain amyloidosis; MGUS = monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance; ATTR = transthyretin amyloidosis.