Table 4. Clinical conditions with unusual natriuretic peptide level.

Situations	Conditions
Conditions with high NP levels in patients without HF	Advanced age, anemia, stroke, chronic kidney disease, liver cirrhosis, acute coronary syndrome, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, sepsis, and thyrotoxicosis
Conditions with low NP levels in patients with HF	Obesity, acute pulmonary edema, conditions with increased LA pressure and normal LV filling pressure (acute mitral regurgitation, mitral stenosis, and atrial fibrillation), and chronic compensated HF

NP = natriuretic peptide; HF = heart failure; LA = left atrium; LV = left ventricular.