Measurements in anteroposterior long single-leg standing radiograph.
Abbreviations: JLOAF, joint line orientation angle by femoral condyles; JLOAM, joint line orientation angle by middle knee joint space; JLOAT, joint line orientation angle by tibial plateau; JLCA, joint line convergence angle; MJLA, Mikulicz joint line angle; MPTA, medial proximal tibial angle; KAJA, knee ankle joint angle; HKA, hip-knee-ankle angle.
Note: In this patient example, JLOAF, JLOAM, JLOAT, JLCA, MJLA, MPTA, KAJA and HKA are measured as −3.37°, 0.20°, 2.06°, 5.32°, 84.86°, 80.96°, −4.52° and 166.57°, respectively.